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Anti-Americanism
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==Rationale== Bradley Bowman, a former professor at the [[United States Military Academy]], argues that United States military facilities overseas and the forces stationed there serve as a "major catalyst for anti-Americanism and radicalization." Other studies have found a link between the presence of the US bases and [[al-Qaeda]] recruitment. These bases are often cited by opponents of repressive governments to provoke anger, protest, and nationalistic fervor against the ruling class and the United States. This in turn, according to JoAnn Chirico, raises concerns in Washington that a democratic transition could lead to the closure of bases, which often encourages the United States to extend its support for authoritarian leaders. This study suggests that the outcome could be an intensifying cycle of protest and repression supported by the United States.{{sfn|Vine|2017}} In 1958, [[Dwight D. Eisenhower|Eisenhower]] discussed with his staff what he described as a "campaign of hatred against us" in the Arab world, "not by the governments but by the people." The [[United States National Security Council]], concluded that was due to a perception that the U.S. supports corrupt and brutal governments and opposes political and economic development "to protect its interest in Near East oil". The [[Wall Street Journal]] reached a similar conclusion after surveying the views of wealthy and Western Muslims after [[September 11 attacks]].{{sfn|Chomsky|2001|p=112-113}} In this vein, the head of the [[Council of Foreign Relations]] terrorism program believes that the American support for repressive regimes such as [[Egypt]] and [[Saudi Arabia]] is undoubtedly a major factor in anti-American sentiment in the Arab world.{{sfn|Chomsky|2003|pp=142-143}}
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