Editing Apple IIc (section)

==Overview of features==
[[File:Apple iicb.jpg|thumb|right|Apple IIc including monitor, external floppy drive and mouse]]

===Improving the IIe===
The Apple IIc is an Apple IIe in a smaller case, more portable and easier to use but also less expandable. The IIc uses the CMOS-based [[WDC 65C02|65C02]] microprocessor which added 27 new instructions to the [[MOS Technology 6502|6502]], but is incompatible with programs that use [[illegal opcode]]s of the 6502. (Apple stated that the Apple IIc was compatible with 90–95% of the 10,000 software packages available for the Apple II.){{r|miller198407}}{{r|markoff198405}} The new ROM firmware allows [[Applesoft BASIC]] to recognize lowercase characters and work better with an 80-column display, and fixes several bugs from the IIe ROM. In terms of video, the text display adds 32 unique character symbols called "[[MouseText]]" which, when placed side by side, can display simple icons, windows and menus to create a [[graphical user interface]] completely out of text, similar in concept to IBM [[code page 437]] or [[PETSCII]]'s [[box-drawing character]]s. A year later, the Apple IIe would benefit from these improvements in the form of a four-chip upgrade called the [[Apple IIe#Enhanced IIe|Enhanced IIe]].

===Built-in cards and ports===
The equivalent of five [[expansion cards]] are built-in and integrated into the Apple IIc motherboard:{{r|ryan198407}} An [[Apple 80-Column Text Card|Extended 80-Column Text Card]], two [[Apple II serial cards|Super Serial Cards]], a Mouse Card, and a [[Disk II]] floppy drive controller card. The Apple IIc has 128&nbsp;KB [[Random-access memory|RAM]], 80-column text, and Double-Hi-Resolution graphics built-in and available right out of the box, unlike the IIe. The built-in cards are mapped to virtual slots so software from slot-based Apple II models know where to find them (i.e. mouse to virtual slot 4, serial cards to slot 1 and 2, floppy to slot 6, and so on). The entire Apple Disk II Card, used for controlling floppy drives, is part of the single chip called the "IWM" ([[Integrated Woz Machine]]).

In the rear of the machine are connection ports. The standard [[DE-9 connector|DE-9]] joystick connector doubles as a mouse interface, compatible with the same mice used by the [[Apple Lisa|Lisa]] and early [[Apple Macintosh|Macintosh]]es. Two serial ports are primarily for a printer and modem, and a floppy port connector supports a single external 5.25-inch drive (and later "intelligent" devices such as 3.5-inch drives and hard disks). A Video Expansion port provides rudimentary signals for add-on adapters but, alone, cannot directly generate a video signal (Apple produced an LCD and an RF-modulator for this port; the latter shipped with early IIc computers). A port connector ties into an internal 12&nbsp;V power converter for attaching batteries; this is where the large external power supply (dubbed "brick on a leash" by users) plugs in. The same composite video port found on earlier Apple II models is present, but not the cassette ports or internal DIP-16 game port.

===Built-in accessories and keyboard===
The Apple IIc has a built-in 5.25-inch floppy drive (140&nbsp;KB) along the right side of the case, the first Apple II model to include such a feature. Along the left side of the case is a dial to control the volume of the internal speaker, along with a {{frac|1|8}}-inch monaural audio jack for headphones or an external speaker. A fold-out carrying handle is also used to prop up the back end of the machine when in use. This is required to provide good air circulation and make typing comfortable.<ref>{{cite book |title=Apple IIc Owner's Manual |date=1984 |publisher=Apple Computer, Inc |page=2 |url=https://archive.org/details/AppleIIcOwnersManual/page/n22/mode/1up |access-date=5 March 2024}}</ref>

The keyboard layout is similar to that of the Apple IIe; however, the "Reset" key is above the "Esc" key. Two toggle switches are also located in the same area: an "80/40"-column switch for (specially written) software to detect which text video mode to start up in, and a "Keyboard" switch to select between [[QWERTY]] and [[Dvorak keyboard layout|Dvorak]] layout, or between US and national layout on non-American machines.<ref>{{Cite news |first=Selby |last=Bateman |url=https://www.atarimagazines.com/compute/issue50/227_1_Evolutionary_To_The_Core_The_Apple_IIc_Heads_For_Home.php|title=Evolutionary To The Core: The Apple IIc Heads For Home |publisher=[[Compute!]] magazine |issue= 50 |date=July 1984 |via=www.atarimagazines.com}}</ref> The keyboard itself is built into the front half of the case, much like a notebook computer, and early models<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.sys.apple2/7abY1blXb1c/DPgZ7yq9uWYJ|title=a2c - sticky keys?|last=Spector|first=Mitchell|date=January 8, 1998|website=comp.sys.apple2 via groups.google.com|access-date=2016-07-06|archive-date=September 27, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220927134710/https://groups.google.com/g/comp.sys.apple2/c/7abY1blXb1c/m/DPgZ7yq9uWYJ|url-status=live}}</ref> have a rubber mat placed beneath the keycaps which acted as a liquid spill guard.