Editing Automatic transmission (section)

==Efficiency==
The efficiency (power output as a percentage of input) of conventional automatic transmissions ranges from 86 to 94%. Manual transmissions are more fuel efficient than all but the newest automatic transmissions due to their inherently low parasitic losses (typically of about 4%) in addition to being cheaper to make, lighter, better performing, and of simpler mechanical design. [[Fuel economy in automobiles|Fuel economy]] worsens with lower efficiency. However, manual transmissions have the disadvantage of requiring the driver to operate the [[clutch]] and change gear whenever required.<ref name="NAP">{{cite book |title=Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles |publisher=National Academies Press |publication-place=Washington, D.C. |date=28 September 2015 |isbn=978-0-309-37388-3 |chapter-url=https://nap.nationalacademies.org/read/21744/chapter/7|chapter=5: Transmissions|doi=10.17226/21744}}</ref>

Real-world tests reported in 2022 found that in typical driving manual transmissions achieved 2 to 5% better fuel economy than automatics, increasing to 20% with an expert driver. Some laboratory tests show automatics in a better light due to the tests using a prescribed shifting pattern for manuals not always optimized for economy. However, on long highway journeys manual transmissions require maintaining a very specific cruising speed to optimise economy, making automatics preferable.<ref>{{cite web |last=Tamayo |first=Niky |title=Have automatic transmissions dethroned manuals as the fuel-economy kings? |publisher=Topgear Philippines| date=30 May 2022 |url=https://www.topgear.com.ph/features/feature-articles/manual-vs-automatic-fuel-economy-2022-a2584-20220530}}</ref>