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Avraham Danzig
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==Works== Danzig wrote several important works, but he is especially known for ''[[Chaye adam|Chayei Adam]]'' and ''Chochmat Adam'', his works of ''[[halacha]]'' covering the laws of the ''[[Shulchan Aruch]]'' dealing with [[everyday life]]. '''''[[Chayei Adam]]''''' ({{langx|he|ืืื ืืื}}, "The Life of Man"<ref>Some{{Who|{{2012}}|date=December 2012}} say that the name ''Chayei Adam'' (life of man) was chosen so no one could write an "abridged life of man" (ืงืืฆืืจ ืืื ืืื). However, this did not prevent a later publisher from printing a "[ืงืืฆืืจ ืืกืคืจ ืืื ืืื]" (abridged [version] of the book ''The Life of Man'') which cirumvented this issue.</ref>) deals with the laws discussed in the ''[[Orach Chayim]]'' section of the ''Shulchan Aruch''. It is divided into 224 sections โ 69 dealing with daily conduct and prayer, and 155 with ''[[Shabbat]]'', and [[Jewish holidays|holidays]]. In this work, Danzig collected and critically sifted the [[Acharonim|Acharonic]] material, in the field of ''halakha'' written in the more than two and a half centuries since the appearance of the ''Shulchan Aruch''. ''Chayei Adam'' was intended primarily "for the cultured layman", as opposed to rabbinic scholars, and the work is thus presented in a readily accessible form. The parallel work ''Nishmat Adam'', published together with ''Chayei Adam'', discusses the ''halachic'' issues in greater depth. The two are usually printed together. In many cities, societies were formed for the purpose of studying ''Chayei Adam''. '''''Chochmat Adam''''' ({{langx|he|ืืืืช ืืื}}, "The Wisdom of Man"), similarly, discusses the laws in the ''[[Yoreh De'ah]]'' section of the ''Shulchan Aruch'', as well as laws from the ''[[Even Ha'ezer]]'' and ''[[Choshen Mishpat]]'' sections pertinent to everyday life. ''Binat Adam'' on this work corresponds to the ''Nishmat Adam'' on ''Chayei Adam''. ''Chochmat Adam'' was written in consultation with two of the greatest Torah scholars of the time - [[Chaim Volozhin]] and [[Yaakov Lorberbaum|Yaakov of Lisa]]. The scholarship of these works is evidenced by the fact that Rabbi [[Chaim Volozhin]], known for his opposition to "digests of halacha", granted the work his approbation (on condition that each section be [[cross-reference]]d to the ''Shulchan Aruch'' to allow for further study). Reportedly, the ''[[Chatam Sofer]]'' instructed his son that when unable to refer to the ''Shulchan Aruch'', he could refer to the ''Chochmat Adam'' in [[posek|making a halachic decision]]<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20071211095201/http://www.judaicapress.com/product_info.php?cPath=23_46&products_id=244] The ''[[Chafetz Chaim]]'' similarly states in ''[[Yisrael Meir Kagan#Works|Ahavat Chesed]]'', that when one is unable to consult the ''Shulchan Aruch'' as regards the [[Loans and interest in Judaism|Laws of Interest]], one may alternatively rely on ''Chochmat Adam''. These works are one of the three sources for the [[Shlomo Ganzfried#Kitzur Shulchan Aruch|Kitzur Shulchan Aruch]]. The rulings of the ''Chayei Adam'' are often cited in later works, especially the ''[[Mishnah Berurah]]''.</ref> Other works by Danzig include: *''Zichru Torat Moshe'' - an introduction to the laws of ''[[Shabbos]]''. *''Kitzur Sefer Charedim'' - an abridgement of the classic ''[[Sefer Charedim]]'' by Rabbi [[Elazar Ezkari]]. *''Toldot Adam'' - a commentary on the [[Passover]] ''[[Haggadah]]''. Danzig also wrote '''Tefillah Zakah''', a penitential prayer recited by many on the eve of [[Yom Kippur]].
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