Editing Ballet (section)

==History==
{{Main|History of ballet|Timeline of ballet}}
[[File:Ballet de la nuit 1653.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] as Apollo in the ''[[Ballet Royal de la Nuit]]'' (1653)]]

Ballet originated in the [[Italian Renaissance]] courts of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Under [[Catherine de' Medici]]'s influence as Queen, it spread to France, where it developed even further.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|title=Apollo's Angels: A History of Ballet|last=Homans|first=Jennifer|publisher=[[Random House]]|year=2010|isbn=978-1-4000-6060-3|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/apollosangelshis00homa_0/page/n30 1]–4|url=https://archive.org/details/apollosangelshis00homa_0|url-access=registration}}</ref> The dancers in these early [[Ballets de cour|court ballets]] were mostly noble amateurs.  Ornamented costumes were meant to impress viewers, but they restricted performers' freedom of movement.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Ballet: An Illustrated History|last1=Clarke|first1=Mary|last2=Crisp|first2=Clement|publisher=[[Hamish Hamilton]]|year=1992|isbn=978-0-241-13068-1|location=Great Britain|pages=17–19}}</ref>

The ballets were performed in large chambers with viewers on three sides.  The implementation of the [[proscenium]] arch from 1618 on distanced performers from audience members, who could then better view and appreciate the technical feats of the professional dancers in the productions.<ref>{{cite book | title=The Essential Theatre, Enhanced | date=28 March 2013 | first1=Oscar G. | last1=Brockett | first2=Robert J. | last2=Ball | page=115 | isbn=9781285687513 | publisher=Cengage Learning | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5TEXAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA115 | access-date=8 July 2023 | archive-date=5 July 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705202209/https://books.google.com/books?id=5TEXAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA115 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite book
 | title=Baroque Modernity, An Aesthetics of Theater
 | first=Joseph
 | last=Cermatori
 | date=16 November 2021
 | page=9
 | isbn=9781421441542
 | publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press
 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sk1PEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA9
 | access-date=8 July 2023
 | archive-date=5 July 2024
 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240705202210/https://books.google.com/books?id=sk1PEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA9#v=onepage&q&f=false
 | url-status=live
 }}</ref>

French court ballet reached its height under the reign of King [[Louis XIV]]. Louis founded the [[Académie Royale de Danse]] (Royal Dance Academy) in 1661 to establish standards and certify dance instructors.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/93297/art-power-how-louis-xiv-ruled-france-ballet|title=The Art of Power: How Louis XIV Ruled France ... With Ballet|date=15 March 2017|access-date=2017-10-02|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002220137/http://mentalfloss.com/article/93297/art-power-how-louis-xiv-ruled-france-ballet|archive-date=2017-10-02 |publisher=[[Mental floss]]}}</ref> In 1672, Louis XIV made [[Jean-Baptiste Lully]] the director of the Académie Royale de Musique ([[Paris Opera]]) from which the first professional [[ballet company]], the [[Paris Opera Ballet]], arose.<ref name="craine" /> [[Pierre Beauchamp]] served as Lully's [[Ballet master|ballet-master]]. Together their partnership would drastically influence the development of ballet, as evidenced by the credit given to them for the creation of the five major positions of the feet.  By 1681, the first "ballerinas" took the stage following years of training at the Académie.<ref name=":0" />

Ballet started to decline in France after 1830, but it continued to develop in Denmark, Italy, and Russia. The arrival in Europe of the [[Ballets Russes]] led by [[Sergei Diaghilev]] on the eve of the [[World War I|First World War]] revived interest in the ballet and started the modern era.<ref name=":4">{{Cite book|title=Ballet 101: A Complete Guide to Learning and Loving the Ballet|last=Greskovic|first=Robert|publisher=[[Hachette Books|Hyperion Books]]|year=1998|isbn=978-0-7868-8155-0|location=New York, New York|pages=46–57}}</ref>

In the twentieth century, ballet had a wide influence on other dance genres,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/ballet-and-modern-dance/|title=Ballet And Modern Dance: Using Ballet As The Basis For Other Dance Techniques|date=5 August 2014|work=Student Resources|access-date=2017-07-26|language=en-US|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002220627/https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/ballet-and-modern-dance/|archive-date=2017-10-02}}</ref>  Also in the twentieth century, ballet took a turn dividing it from classical ballet to the introduction of [[modern dance]], leading to modernist movements in several countries.<ref name="wulff" />

Famous dancers of the twentieth century include 
[[Mikhail Baryshnikov]],<ref name=ClassicFM/>
[[Erik Bruhn]],<ref>{{cite news
 | title=Erik Bruhn dies in Toronto; top dancer of his generation
 | first=John | last=Rockwell | date=2 April 1986
 | work=The New York Times
 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/02/obituaries/erik-bruhn-dies-in-toronto-top-dancer-of-his-generation.html
 | access-date=2024-12-21 }}</ref>
[[Maria Tall Chief]],<ref>{{cite web
 | title=SAB Trailblazer – Maria Tallchief
 | publisher=School of American Ballet
 | url=https://sab.org/scenes/sab-trailblazer-maria-tallchief/
 | access-date=2024-12-21 }}</ref>
[[Jeanne Devereaux]],<ref>{{cite news
 | title=International star of dance, vaudeville dies at 98
 | first=Janette | last=Williams | date=29 August 2017
 | work=Pasadena Star-News
 | url=https://www.pasadenastarnews.com/2011/08/09/international-star-of-dance-vaudeville-dies-at-98/
 | access-date=2024-12-21 }}</ref>
[[Suzanne Farrell]],<ref>{{cite web
 | title=Legendary ballerina Suzanne Farrell reflects on career, 20 years as Krafft Professor at FSU
 | first1=Anna | last1=Prentiss | first2=Jamie | last2=Rager
 | first3=Jasmine | last3=Hur | display-authors=1
 | work=Florida State University News | date=16 November 2023 
 | url=https://news.fsu.edu/news/arts-humanities/2023/11/16/legendary-ballerina-suzanne-farrell-reflects-on-career-20-years-as-krafft-professor-at-fsu/
 | access-date=2024-12-21 }}</ref>
[[Margot Fonteyn]],<ref name=ClassicFM/>
[[Rosella Hightower]],<ref>{{cite news
 | title=Rosella Hightower, Prima Ballerina and School Founder, Is Dead at 88
 | first=Jack | last=Anderson | date=4 November 2008
 | work=The New York Times
 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/05/arts/dance/05hightower.html
 | access-date=2024-12-21 }}</ref>
[[Gelsey Kirkland]],<ref name=ClassicFM/>
[[Natalia Makarova]],<ref name=ClassicFM/>
[[Arthur Mitchell (dancer)|Arthur Mitchell]],<ref>{{cite news
 | title=Arthur Mitchell obituary
 | first=Wendy | last=Perron | date=21 September 2018
 | work=The Guardian
 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2018/sep/21/arthur-mitchell-obituary
 | access-date=2024-12-21 }}</ref>
[[Rudolf Nureyev]],<ref name=ClassicFM/>
[[Anna Pavlova]],<ref name=ClassicFM/>
[[Maya Plisetskaya]],<ref>{{cite web
 | title=Maya Plisetskaya
 | website=International Dance Day
 | publisher=Futura Communications
 | url=https://www.international-dance-day.org/mayaplissetskaya.html
 | access-date=2024-12-21 }}</ref>
and 
[[Galina Ulanova]].<ref name=ClassicFM>{{Cite news
 | title=The ten greatest ballet dancers of the twentieth century
 | work=Classic FM | language=en | url-status=live
 | url=http://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/periods-genres/ballet/greatest-ballet-dancers/
 | access-date=2017-10-02 | archive-date=2017-10-02
 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171002221516/http://www.classicfm.com/discover-music/periods-genres/ballet/greatest-ballet-dancers/ }}</ref>