Editing Bird vocalization (section)

==Anatomy and physiology==
[[File:Cariama cristata (seriema).webm|thumb|right|A [[red-legged seriema]] (''Cariama cristata'') from Brazil making a series of calls]]
The avian vocal organ is called the [[Syrinx (biology)|syrinx]];<ref>{{cite book |last1=Attenborough |first1=David |title=The Life of Birds  |date=1998 |publisher=BBC Books |isbn=0563-38792-0 |author1-link= David Attenborough}}</ref> it is a bony structure at the bottom of the [[Vertebrate trachea|trachea]] (unlike the [[larynx]] at the top of the [[mammal]]ian trachea). The syrinx and sometimes a surrounding air sac resonate to sound waves that are made by membranes past which the bird forces air. The bird controls the pitch by changing the tension on the membranes and controls both pitch and volume by changing the force of exhalation. It can control the two sides of the trachea independently, which is how some species can produce two notes at once.

In February 2023, scientists reported that the possible sounds that [[ankylosaur]] dinosaurs may have made were bird-like vocalizations based on a finding of a fossilized larynx from the ankylosaur ''[[Pinacosaurus grangeri]]''.<ref name="NYT-20230224">{{cite news |last=Wilke |first=Carolyn |title=What Sounds Did Dinosaurs Make? - A new study of a fossilized ankylosaur suggests it could have uttered birdlike calls. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/24/science/dinosaur-sounds-fossils.html |date=24 February 2023 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=26 February 2023 |archive-date=25 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230225212611/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/02/24/science/dinosaur-sounds-fossils.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="NC-20230215">{{cite journal |last1=Yoshida |first1=Junki |last2=Kobayashi |first2=Yoshisuga |last3=Norell |first3=Mark A. |title=An ankylosaur larynx provides insights for bird-like vocalization in non-avian dinosaurs |date=15 February 2023 |journal=[[Communications Biology]] |volume=152 |issue=1 |page=152 |doi=10.1038/s42003-023-04513-x |pmid=36792659 |pmc=9932143 }}</ref>