Editing Bluetooth (section)

== History ==
{{More citations needed|section|date=February 2024}}
[[File:Ericsson Bluetooth module.jpg|thumb|Ericsson Bluetooth module PBA&nbsp;313 01/2S R2A, manufactured in week&nbsp;22 of 2001]]
The development of the "short-link" radio technology, later named Bluetooth, was initiated in 1989 by Nils Rydbeck, CTO at [[Ericsson Mobile]] in [[Lund]], Sweden. The purpose was to develop wireless headsets, according to two inventions by [[Johan Ullman]], {{cite patent |country=SE |number=8902098-6 |gdate=1989-06-12}} and {{cite patent |country=SE |number=9202239 |gdate=1992-07-24}}. Nils Rydbeck tasked [[Tord Wingren]] with specifying and Dutchman [[Jaap Haartsen]] and Sven Mattisson with developing.<ref>{{cite web |title=Who Invented Bluetooth? |last=Nguyen |first=Tuan C. |website=ThoughtCo|url=https://www.thoughtco.com/who-invented-bluetooth-4038864 |access-date=11 October 2019 |archive-date=11 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191011191850/https://www.thoughtco.com/who-invented-bluetooth-4038864 |url-status=live}}</ref> Both were working for Ericsson in Lund.<ref>{{cite news |date=24 May 2001 |title=The Bluetooth |website=Information Age |url=http://www.information-age.com/article/2001/may/the_bluetooth_blues |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071222231740/http://www.information-age.com/article/2001/may/the_bluetooth_blues |archive-date=22 December 2007 |access-date=1 February 2008}}</ref> Principal design and development began in 1994 and by 1997 the team had a workable solution.<ref name="documents.epo 2012-03-30">{{cite web |title=Presenting the (economic) value of patents nominated for the European Inventor Award 2012 |date=30 March 2012 |publisher=Technopolis Group |url=http://documents.epo.org/projects/babylon/eponet.nsf/0/39F611EACF119B21C12579F30036D7E4/$File/haartsen_en.pdf |access-date=28 September 2021 |archive-date=3 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210703142518/http://documents.epo.org/projects/babylon/eponet.nsf/0/39F611EACF119B21C12579F30036D7E4/$File/haartsen_en.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref> From 1997 Örjan Johansson became the project leader and propelled the technology and standardization.<ref>{{cite web |title=Grattis Bluetooth, 10 år |website=etn.se |url=http://etn.se/index.php/nyheter/45972-grattis-bluetooth-10-ar |access-date=29 October 2019 |archive-date=29 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029131527/http://etn.se/index.php/nyheter/45972-grattis-bluetooth-10-ar |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Sveriges 20 främsta innovationer de senaste 35 åren |website=Veckans affärer |url=http://www.va.se/nyheter/2015/06/24/sveriges-20-framsta-innovationer-de-senaste-35-aren/ |access-date=29 October 2019|archive-date=29 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029174607/https://www.va.se/nyheter/2015/06/24/sveriges-20-framsta-innovationer-de-senaste-35-aren/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://stik.se/122nobelkandidater_sv.pdf |title=122 Nobel prize candidates |access-date=29 October 2019 |archive-date=29 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029174558/https://stik.se/122nobelkandidater_sv.pdf |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://innovatorsradet.se/innovationer.htm |title=De största innovationerna i modern tid |website=innovatorsradet.se |access-date=29 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190517151629/https://innovatorsradet.se/innovationer.htm |archive-date=17 May 2019 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 1997, Adalio Sanchez, then head of [[IBM]] [[ThinkPad]] product R&D, approached Nils Rydbeck about collaborating on integrating a [[mobile phone]] into a ThinkPad notebook. The two assigned engineers from [[Ericsson]] and [[IBM]] studied the idea. The conclusion was that power consumption on cellphone technology at that time was too high to allow viable integration into a notebook and still achieve adequate battery life. Instead, the two companies agreed to integrate Ericsson's short-link technology on both a ThinkPad notebook and an Ericsson phone to accomplish the goal.

Since neither IBM ThinkPad notebooks nor Ericsson phones were the market share leaders in their respective markets at that time, Adalio Sanchez and Nils Rydbeck agreed to make the short-link technology an open industry standard to permit each player maximum market access. Ericsson contributed the short-link radio technology, and IBM contributed patents around the logical layer. Adalio Sanchez of IBM then recruited Stephen Nachtsheim of Intel to join and then Intel also recruited [[Toshiba]] and [[Nokia]]. In May&nbsp;1998, the Bluetooth SIG was launched with IBM and Ericsson as the founding signatories and a total of five members: Ericsson, Intel, Nokia, Toshiba, and IBM.

The first Bluetooth device was revealed in 1999. It was a hands-free mobile headset that earned the "Best of show Technology Award" at [[COMDEX]]. The first Bluetooth mobile phone was the unreleased prototype Ericsson&nbsp;T36, though it was the revised Ericsson model [[Ericsson T39|T39]] that actually made it to store shelves in June 2001. However Ericsson released the R520m in Quarter 1 of 2001,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mobilephonemuseum.com/phone-detail/r520m |title=Mobile Phone Museum |website=mobilephonemuseum.com}}</ref> making the R520m the first ever commercially available Bluetooth phone. In parallel, IBM introduced the IBM ThinkPad&nbsp;A30 in October&nbsp;2001 which was the first notebook with integrated Bluetooth.

Bluetooth's early incorporation into consumer electronics products continued at Vosi Technologies in Costa Mesa, California, initially overseen by founding members Bejan Amini and Tom Davidson. Vosi Technologies had been created by real estate developer Ivano Stegmenga, with United States Patent 608507, for communication between a cellular phone and a vehicle's audio system. At the time, Sony/Ericsson had only a minor market share in the cellular phone market, which was dominated in the US by Nokia and Motorola. Due to ongoing negotiations for an intended licensing agreement with Motorola beginning in the late 1990s, Vosi could not publicly disclose the intention, integration, and initial development of other enabled devices which were to be the first "[[Home automation|Smart Home]]" internet connected devices.

Vosi needed a means for the system to communicate without a wired connection from the vehicle to the other devices in the network. Bluetooth was chosen, since [[Wi-Fi]] was not yet readily available or supported in the public market. Vosi had begun to develop the Vosi Cello integrated vehicular system and some other internet connected devices, one of which was intended to be a table-top device named the Vosi Symphony, networked with Bluetooth. Through the negotiations with [[Motorola]], Vosi introduced and disclosed its intent to integrate Bluetooth in its devices. In the early 2000s a legal battle<ref>{{cite web |title=Motorola Inc. v. Vosi Technologies Inc. |department=Cases |website=casetext.com |url=https://casetext.com/case/motorola-inc-v-vosi-technologies-inc}}</ref> ensued between Vosi and Motorola, which indefinitely suspended release of the devices. Later, Motorola implemented it in their devices, which initiated the significant propagation of Bluetooth in the public market due to its large market share at the time.

In 2012, Jaap Haartsen was nominated by the [[European Patent Office]] for the [[European Inventor Award]].<ref name="documents.epo 2012-03-30"/>