Editing Boletus edulis (section)

===Common names===
[[Common name]]s for ''B. edulis'' vary by region. The standard Italian name, ''porcino'' (pl. ''porcini''), means ''[[wikt:porcine|porcine]];''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/porcino|title=porcino in Vocabolario – Treccani|website=www.treccani.it}}</ref> ''fungo porcino'', in Italian, echoes the term ''suilli'', literally "hog mushrooms", a term used by the Ancient Romans<ref>[[Pliny the Elder|Pliny]], ''Natural History'', Bk. 16, 11, 31: "Such is the multiplicity of products in addition to the acorn that are borne by hard-oaks; but they also produce edible fungi (''boletos'') and hog mushrooms (''suillos'')." Pliny, ''Natural History'', 10 vols., tr. H. Rackham, Harvard University Press/Heinemann, (1945) 1968, vol. 4, pp. 408–409.</ref> and still in use in southern Italian terms for this species.<ref>[[Neapolitan language|Neapolitan]] ''sillo'', and [[Calabrian dialects|Calabrian]] ''sillu''/''siddu''. See Glauco Sanga, Gherardo Ortalli, ''Nature knowledge: ethnoscience, cognition, and utility'', Berghahn Books, 2003 p. 78.</ref> The derivation has been ascribed to the resemblance of young fruit bodies to piglets, or to the fondness pigs have for eating them.<ref name="Carluccio03">Carluccio, pp. 36–38.</ref> It is also known as "king bolete".<ref name=Zeitl76>{{cite book|author=Zeitlmayr L.|year=1976|title=Wild Mushrooms: An Illustrated Handbook|publisher=Garden City Press|location= Hertfordshire, UK|isbn= 0-584-10324-7|page=96}}</ref> The English ''[[penny bun]]'' refers to its rounded brownish shape. The German name ''Steinpilz'' (stone mushroom) refers to the species' firm flesh.<ref>{{cite book|author=[[Jacob Grimm|Grimm J.]], [[Wilhelm Grimm|Grimm W.]]|title=Deutsches Wörterbuch|publisher=Hirzel|location=Leipzig|date=1838–1961|title-link=Deutsches Wörterbuch}} ([http://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/woerterbuecher/dwb/wbgui?lemid=GS42864 online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719114321/http://www.woerterbuchnetz.de/woerterbuecher/dwb/wbgui?lemid=GS42864 |date=2011-07-19 }})</ref> In Austria, it is called ''Herrenpilz'', the "noble mushroom",<ref name = "Carluccio03"/> while in Mexico, the Spanish name is ''panza'', meaning "belly".<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Jarvis MC, Miller AM, Sheahan J, Ploetz K, Ploetz J, Watson RR, Ruiz MP, Villapan CA, Alvarado JG, Ramirez AL, Orr B |year=2004 |title=Edible wild mushrooms of the Cofre de Perote region, Veracruz, Mexico: An ethnomycological study of common names and uses |journal=Economic Botany |volume=58 |issue=Suppl. S |pages=S111–S115|doi=10.1663/0013-0001(2004)58[S111:EWMOTC]2.0.CO;2|s2cid=27729532 }}</ref> Another Spanish name, ''rodellon'', means "small round boulder", while the [[Dutch language|Dutch]] name ''eekhoorntjesbrood'' means "squirrel's bread".<ref name=Schalkwijk-Barendsen1991>{{cite book |author=Schalkwijk-Barendsen H. M. E. |title=Mushrooms of Western Canada |publisher=Lone Pine Publishing |location=Edmonton |year=1991 |page=[https://archive.org/details/mushroomsofweste0000scha/page/195 195] |isbn=0-919433-47-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/mushroomsofweste0000scha/page/195 }}</ref> Russian names are ''belyy grib'' ([[:ru:белый гриб]]; "white mushroom" as opposed to less valuable "black mushrooms") and ''borovik'' ([[:ru:боровик]]; from ''bor''—"pine forest").
The vernacular name ''cep'' is derived from the [[Catalan language|Catalan]] ''cep'' or its French name ''cèpe'', although the latter is a generic term applying to several related species. In France, it is more fully ''cèpe de Bordeaux'', derived from the [[Gascon language|Gascon]] ''cep'' "trunk" for its fat stalk,<ref>{{cite book |author=Grigson J. |title=The Mushroom Feast |page=[https://archive.org/details/mushroomfeast00grig/page/8 8] |year=1975 |publisher=Penguin |location=London |isbn=0-14-046273-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/mushroomfeast00grig/page/8 }}</ref> ultimately from the [[Latin]] ''cippus'' "stake".<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia| title=cepe|encyclopedia=Oxford English Dictionary|editor1=J. Simpson |editor2=E. Weiner | year=1989 |edition= 2nd| location=Oxford |publisher=Clarendon Press|isbn= 0-19-861186-2}}</ref> ''Ceppatello'', ''ceppatello buono'', ''ceppatello bianco'', ''giallo leonato'', ''ghezzo'', and ''moreccio'' are names from Italian dialects,<ref>{{cite book|author=Naccari N. L.|title=Flora veneta|publisher=L. Bonvecchiato|year=1827|volume=4–6|page=10}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Zeitlmayr L.|title=I funghi|publisher=Edizioni Studio Tesi|year=1977|page=180}}</ref> and ''ciurenys'' or ''surenys'' is another term in Catalan.<ref>{{cite book|last=Andrews|first=Colman |title=Catalan cuisine: vivid flavors from Spain's Mediterranean coast|publisher=Harvard Common Press|location=Boston, MA|year=1999|orig-date=1988|edition=2nd|page=88|isbn=1-55832-329-5}}</ref> The French-born King [[Charles XIV John of Sweden|Charles XIV John]] popularised ''B.&nbsp;edulis'' in Sweden after 1818,<ref>{{cite book|vauthors=Spoerke DG, Rumack BH |title=Handbook of Mushroom Poisoning: Diagnosis and Treatment|publisher=CRC Press|location=Boca Raton, Florida|year=1994|page=11|isbn=0-8493-0194-7}}</ref> and is honoured in the local vernacular name ''Karljohanssvamp'', as well as the Danish name ''Karl Johan svamp''. The monarch cultivated the fungus about his residence, [[Rosersberg Palace]].<ref>{{cite book|vauthors=Stensaas M, Sonstegard J |title=Canoe Country Flora: Plants and Trees of the North Woods and Boundary Waters |publisher=University of Minnesota Press|location=Minneapolis, Minnesota|year=2004|page=189|isbn=1-57025-121-5}}</ref> The Finnish name is ''herkkutatti'', from ''herkku'' 'delicacy', and ''tatti'', 'bolete'.{{Cn|date=December 2024}}