Editing Cagayan Valley (section)

=== Spanish colonial era ===
During the Spanish era, Cagayan Valley had a larger territory than today, then named ''Provincia de Cagayan.'' Then it included the territories of the above-mentioned provinces and the eastern parts of the [[Cordillera Administrative Region|Cordillera]] provinces of [[Apayao]], [[Kalinga (province)|Kalinga]], [[Mountain Province]], [[Ifugao]] and [[Benguet]], and the north part of [[aurora (province)|Aurora]]. Historian and missionary Jose Burgues said, "The old Cagayan Valley comprises the province of Cagayan, Isabela and Nueva Vizcaya as well as the military Districts of Apayao, Itaves, Quiangan, Cayapa and Bintangan, plus the area of the Sierra Madre to the Pacific Ocean in the said trajectory."<ref>''Descripcion del Valle de Cagayan'', 1897, Jose Burgues</ref> The exception is [[Palanan]], which was established in 1625 by Spanish forces who arrived by ship from the Pacific coastal town of [[Baler, Aurora|Baler]] in Tayabas province (now part of Aurora). Thus, Palanan was originally a part of [[Pampanga]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/more-articles/tantingco-the-kapampangan-in-us |title=Tantingco: The Kapampangan in Us |website=[[SunStar]] |date=May 2, 2013 |access-date=2024-01-23 |archive-date=2024-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123034705/https://www.sunstar.com.ph/amp/story/more-articles/tantingco-the-kapampangan-in-us |url-status=live }} "At one point, Pampanga’s borders extended all the way to Palanan, Isabela in the north and to Infanta, Quezon in the south, with the Pacific Ocean on its east side and the China Sea on its west side." (Baler which was the origin of Spanish forces and Tagalog settlers who settled Palanan was part of Pampanga along with Casiguran.)</ref> then to [[Laguna (province)|Laguna]], Tayabas (now [[quezon|Quezon Province]]; Tayabas became independent from Laguna), and [[Nueva Ecija]], before being transferred to Nueva Vizcaya and finally Isabela. Also, unlike the rest of Cagayan Valley, it was served by Franciscan missionaries from Baler rather than the Dominicans. The population of the town was natively Paranan, then subsequently augmented by local Negritos, migrants from Baler who are [[tagalog people|Tagalogs]] and outlaws from Cagayan Valley, with the lingua franca of the settlement being Tagalog as opposed to Ilocano or Ibanag.<ref>{{cite book |last=Salgado|first=Pedro|title=Cagayan Valley and Easter Cordillera: 1581-1898, Volume I |publisher=Rex Publishing |orig-date=2002|pages=496–499|chapter=Other Missions in Isabela|isbn=}}</ref> The ''Atta'' or [[Negrito]]s, the first people in valley, were later moved to the uplands or variably assimilated by the Austronesians, from whom the [[Ibanag people|Ibanags]], [[Itawes]], Yogads, [[gaddang people|Gaddangs]], Irayas, [[malaweg language|Malawegs]], and [[paranan language|Paranans]] descended - who actually came from one ethnicity. These are the people found by the Spaniards in the different villages along the rivers all over Cagayan Valley. The Spaniards rightly judged that these various villagers came from a single racial stock and decided to make the Ibanag language the ''lingua franca'', both civilly and ecclesiastically for the entire people of Cagayan which they called collectively as the ''Cagayanes'' which later was transliterated to become ''Cagayanos''. Various other peoples, mainly the [[Ilocano people|Ilocanos]], [[Pangasinan people|Pangasinenses]], [[Kapampangan people|Kapampangans]] and [[Tagalog people|Tagalogs]], as well as [[Visayans]], [[Moro people|Moros]], [[ivatan people|Ivatans]], and even foreigners like the Chinese, Indians, Arabs, Spaniards and others were further infused to the native Cagayanes to become the modern ''Cagayano'' that we know today.
In 1818, [[Nueva Ecija]] annexed the towns of Palanan from Isabela, as well as Cagayan, Nueva Vizcaya, Quirino, Baler, Casiguran, [[infanta, Quezon|Infanta]] (formerly called Binangonan de Lampon) and [[Polillo Islands]] from [[quezon|Tayabas]], and part of Rizal.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.aurora.ph/mobile/casiguran.html|title=Aurora, Philippines – History|website=www.aurora.ph|language=en|access-date=February 18, 2023}}</ref><ref>[https://region3.dilg.gov.ph/nueva-ecija/index.php/about/who-we-are Who We Are: Nueva Ecija]</ref> In the nineteenth and 20th centuries, the prosperity found in tobacco cultivation caused many [[Ilokano people]] to settle here, it was only in this large-scale Ilocano settlement that made Ilocano language replace Ibanag as the ''lingua franca'' of the region. Ilocano settlers already migrated to Nueva Vizcaya (including present-day Quirino) earlier in 1700s also to work on the tobacco plantations, and later immigrants with skills construct churches and other structures needed for development, as the native Igorot tribes rejected labor imposed by the Spaniards. Tobacco is still a major factor in the economy of Cagayan, though a special economic zone and free port has been created to strengthen and diversify the provincial economy.