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Cairn Gorm
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==Climate== [[File:Cairn Gorm weather station 2.jpg|thumb|The automated weather station on Cairn Gorm]] Cairn Gorm has a [[tundra climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''ET''). There is an automated [[weather station]] (AWS) controlled by [[Heriot-Watt University]] on the summit of the mountain<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.phy.hw.ac.uk/resrev/weather.htm|title=Cairn Gorm Weather Station| publisher=Heriot-Watt University. Dept. of Physics | accessdate=2008-03-17}}</ref> providing temperature and wind speed data. There is also a separate AWS run by the [[Met Office]] (synop code 03065) that publishes temperature and frost data. Cairn Gorm averages 194.4 frost days per annum, making it the coldest weather station in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gfjkvjeuz|title=Cairn Gorm Summit climate|publisher=Met Office|accessdate=5 August 2015}}</ref> Winter low temperatures are not extreme when compared with some other UK stations, but the severity of the climate is illustrated by its cool summers. The highest temperature since 1985 is {{convert|25.5|C|F}}, recorded on 23 May 1989.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/05-1989/ws-30650.html|title=Climate CAIRNGORM|publisher=en.tutiempo.net|accessdate=9 October 2021}}</ref> The coldest temperature is {{convert|-26.9|C|F}} on 6 March 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/03-2007/ws-30650.html|title=Climate CAIRNGORM|publisher=en.tutiempo.net|accessdate=9 October 2021}}</ref> Daytime temperatures staying below {{convert|0|C|F}} all day occur most frequently between October and May but have been observed during every month of the year. Daytime maximum temperatures below {{convert|-10|C|F}} and night-time temperature above {{convert|15|C|F}} are uncommon. The lowest daytime maximum was {{convert|-12.7|C|F}} on 28 February 2018.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/02-2018/ws-30650.html|title=Climate CAIRNGORM|publisher=en.tutiempo.net|accessdate=9 October 2021}}</ref> The [[Foehn wind]] can affect the mountain, particularly during late autumn and winter. This phenomenon presumably resulted in the November record high.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/11-2005/ws-30650.html|title=Climate CAIRNGORM|publisher=en.tutiempo.net|accessdate=9 October 2021}}</ref> The warmest month on record is July 2006, with a mean temperature of {{convert|9.9|C|F}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/07-2006/ws-30650.html|title=Climate CAIRNGORM|publisher=en.tutiempo.net|accessdate=9 October 2021}}</ref> Conversely, the coldest month on record is March 2013, with a mean temperature of {{convert|-6.7|C|F}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/03-2013/ws-30650.html|title=Climate CAIRNGORM|publisher=en.tutiempo.net|accessdate=9 October 2021}}</ref> Cairn Gorm is notable for having the [[United Kingdom weather records|highest ever recorded wind speed in the UK on land]]. A wind gust of {{convert|278|kph|mph|abbr=on}} was recorded on 20 March 1986.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Crowder|first1=J G|last2=MacPherson|first2=W N|title=Cairngorm Automatic Weather Station Homepage|url=http://cairngormweather.eps.hw.ac.uk/details.htm|website=cairngormweather.eps.hw.ac.uk|publisher=Heriot-Watt University|access-date=19 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130010453/http://cairngormweather.eps.hw.ac.uk/details.htm|archive-date=30 January 2016|url-status=unfit}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Where are the windiest parts of the UK? |url=https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/types-of-weather/wind/windiest-place-in-uk |website=Weather and climate |publisher=[[Met Office]] |access-date=21 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211007142704/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/types-of-weather/wind/windiest-place-in-uk |archive-date=7 October 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref> A wind gust of {{convert|312|kph|mph|abbr=on}} was recorded at Cairn Gorm on 19 December 2008 but was discovered too late to be verified by the Met Office.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/4141762/Highlands-mountain-claims-strongest-UK-wind.html | title = Highlands mountain claims strongest UK wind|work=The Daily Telegraph|date=6 January 2009|first=Nick|last=Britten|access-date=16 January 2015}}</ref> {{Weather box |location = Cairn Gorm Summit, Elevation: {{convert|1245|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, 1981–2010 |metric first = Yes |single line = Yes |width = auto | Jan high C = -1.3 | Feb high C = -1.5 | Mar high C = -0.9 | Apr high C = 1.5 | May high C = 4.3 | Jun high C = 7.1 | Jul high C = 9.5 | Aug high C = 9.2 | Sep high C = 6.9 | Oct high C = 3.9 | Nov high C = 0.8 | Dec high C = -0.5 |year high C = 3.3 | Jan mean C = -3.4 | Feb mean C = -3.8 | Mar mean C = -3.0 | Apr mean C = -1.0 | May mean C = 1.7 | Jun mean C = 4.4 | Jul mean C = 6.9 | Aug mean C = 6.6 | Sep mean C = 4.5 | Oct mean C = 1.6 | Nov mean C = -1.3 | Dec mean C = -2.8 |year mean C = 0.9 | Jan low C = -5.5 | Feb low C = -6.1 | Mar low C = -5.0 | Apr low C = -3.4 | May low C = -0.9 | Jun low C = 1.7 | Jul low C = 4.2 | Aug low C = 3.9 | Sep low C = 2.1 | Oct low C = -0.7 | Nov low C = -3.3 | Dec low C = -5.1 |year low C = -1.5 |Jan snow cm= 57 |Feb snow cm= 62 |Mar snow cm= 49 |Apr snow cm= 43 |May snow cm= 17 |Jun snow cm= 3 |Jul snow cm= trace |Aug snow cm= 0 |Sep snow cm= trace |Oct snow cm= 9 |Nov snow cm= 36 |Dec snow cm= 47 |year snow cm= |unit rain days= |Jan rain days= 1.8 |Feb rain days= 1.3 |Mar rain days= 1.2 |Apr rain days= 3.4 |May rain days= 8.6 |Jun rain days= 14.9 |Jul rain days= 16.6 |Aug rain days= 16.6 |Sep rain days= 12.2 |Oct rain days= 9.8 |Nov rain days= 4.1 |Dec rain days= 2.6 |year rain days= |unit snow days= |Jan snow days= 15.6 |Feb snow days= 15.5 |Mar snow days= 14.7 |Apr snow days= 13.1 |May snow days= 8.2 |Jun snow days= 2.6 |Jul snow days= 0.2 |Aug snow days= 0.0 |Sep snow days= 0.8 |Oct snow days= 4.8 |Nov snow days= 11.2 |Dec snow days= 14.0 |year snow days= 100.7 |source = [[Met Office]],<ref>{{cite web | url =http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gfjkvjeuz | title = Cairn Gorm Summit climate| accessdate =5 August 2015|publisher = [[Met Office]]}}</ref> Tutiempo.net,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://en.tutiempo.net/climate/ws-30650.html | title = Cairn Gorm Summit temperature records| accessdate =17 June 2019|publisher = Tutiempo.net}}</ref> and snowforecast.com <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.snow-forecast.com/resorts/Cairngorm/history | title = Cairn Gorm Summit averages| accessdate =9 January 2020}}</ref> }}
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