Editing Caloric theory (section)

=== Phlogiston theory is replaced by combustion in oxygen ===
In the [[history of thermodynamics]], the initial explanations of heat were thoroughly confused with explanations of [[combustion]]. After [[J. J. Becher]] and [[Georg Ernst Stahl]] introduced the [[phlogiston]] theory of combustion in the 17th century, phlogiston was thought to be the ''substance of heat.''

There is one version of the caloric theory that was introduced by [[Antoine Lavoisier]]. Prior to Lavoisier's caloric theory, published references concerning heat and its existence, outside of being an agent for chemical reactions, were sparse only having been offered by [[Joseph Black]] in Rozier's Journal (1772) citing the melting temperature of ice.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Morris|first=Robert J.|date=1972|title=Lavoisier and the Caloric Theory|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4025261|journal=The British Journal for the History of Science|volume=6|issue=1|pages=1–38|doi=10.1017/S000708740001195X|jstor=4025261|s2cid=45598864 |issn=0007-0874|url-access=subscription}}</ref> In response to Black, Lavoisier's private manuscripts revealed that he had encountered the same phenomena of a fixed melting point for ice and mentioned that he had already formulated an explanation which he had not published as of yet.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Guerlac|first=Henry|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1138503811|title=Lavoisier-the Crucial Year : the Background and Origin of His First Experiments on Combustion in 1772|date=15 April 2019|publisher=Cornell University Press |isbn=978-1-5017-4664-2|oclc=1138503811}}</ref> Lavoisier developed the explanation of combustion in terms of [[oxygen]] in the 1770s.