Editing Calotype (section)

==Popularity==
[[File:Thomas Duncan, 1807 - 1845.jpg|thumb|right|307x307px|[[Thomas Duncan (painter)|Thomas Duncan]], by [[Hill & Adamson]], {{circa|1844}}; medium: calotype print, size: 19.60 x 14.50 cm; from the collection of the [[National Galleries of Scotland]]]]

[[File:PeterJones1845InScotlad.jpg|thumb| Calotype of Mississauga band Chief [[Peter Jones (missionary)|Kahkewaquonaby]] was taken August 4, 1845, in Edinburgh, Scotland, by Hill & Adamson.  Images made that day are the oldest existing of a Native American. He is wearing a chiefs medal and his bag has the Ojibwa thunderbird.<ref>Encyclopedia of North American Indians, Frederick E. Hoxie, Encyclopedia of North American Indians, 1996, p.306 [https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofno00hoxi/page/306]</ref>  Getty Center]]
Despite their flexibility and the ease with which they could be made, calotypes did not displace the daguerreotype.<ref name="carlebach1992">{{cite book|last=Carlebach|first=Michael L.|title=The Origins of Photojournalism in America|url=https://archive.org/details/originsofphotojo0000carl|url-access=registration|year=1992|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|isbn=1-56098-159-8}}</ref>

In part, this was the result of Talbot having [[patent]]ed his processes in England and beyond. Unlike Talbot, Daguerre who had been granted a stipend by the French state in exchange for making his process publicly available, did not patent his invention.<ref name="carlebach1992"/> In Scotland, where the English patent law was not applicable at the time, members of the [[Edinburgh Calotype Club]] and other Scottish early photographers successfully adopted the paper-negative photo technology.<ref>Roger Taylor, Guest curator of [https://web.archive.org/web/20170511073436/http://www.metmuseum.org/metmedia/audio/exhibitions/019-impressed-by-light-british-photographs-from-paper-negatives-18401860 Impressed by Light: British Photographs from Paper Negatives, 1840–1860], ''Transcript of the opening speech, The Metropolitan Museum of Art''</ref> In [[England]], the Calotype Society was organized in London around 1847 attracting a dozen enthusiasts.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=a4DaiHxDSmIC&dq=Calotype%20Society%20(London)&pg=PA22 Nature Exposed: Photography as Eyewitness in Victorian Science by Jennifer Tucker], p. 20.</ref> In 1853, twelve years after the introduction of paper-negative photography to the public, Talbot's patent restriction was lifted.<ref>[https://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2007/impressed-by-light Impressed by Light: British Photographs from Paper Negatives, 1840–1860: Exhibition Overview], ''The Metropolitan Museum of Art''</ref>

In addition, the calotype produced a less clear image than the daguerreotype. The use of paper as a negative meant that the texture and fibers of the paper were visible in prints made from it, leading to an image that was slightly grainy or fuzzy compared to daguerreotypes, which were usually sharp and clear.<ref name="carlebach1992"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/coll/589_calotype.html |title=Photographic Processes: Calotypes (Prints and Photographs Reading Room, Library of Congress) |publisher=Loc.gov |date=2011-08-30 |access-date=2013-08-18}}</ref> Nevertheless, calotypes—and the [[salt print|salted paper prints]] that were made from them—remained popular in the [[United Kingdom]] and on the European continent outside France in the 1850s, especially among the amateur calotypists, who prized the aesthetics of calotypes and also wanted to differentiate from commercial photographers,<ref>Taylor, Roger, with Larry J. Schaaf. [https://books.google.com/books?id=DnfBcmW-OkYC&pg=PR3 Impressed by light: British photographs from paper negatives, 1840–1860. Accompanies the exhibition 'Impressed by light – British photographs from paper negatives, 1840–1860' held at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, September 24 – December 30, 2007; at the National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., February 3 – May 4, 2008; and at the Musée d'Orsay, Paris, May 26 – September 7, 2008.] New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2007.</ref> until the [[collodion process]] enabled both to make [[Photographic plate|glass negatives]] combining the sharpness of a daguerreotype with the replicability of a calotype later in the nineteenth century.  British photographers also brought the calotype to [[India]], where, for example, in 1848, [[John McCosh]], a surgeon in the [[East India Company]], took the first image of the [[Duleep Singh|Maharajah Duleep Singh]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bance|first=Peter|title=The Duleep Singhs: The Photograph Album of Queen Victoria's Maharajah|publisher=Sutton Publishing|year=2004|isbn=0750934883|location=Stroud|pages=24}}</ref>