Editing Colobinae (section)

== Classification and evolution ==
Colobinae is split into two tribes: [[Colobini]], found in Africa, and [[Presbytini]], found in Asia. Based on fossil records, the tribes split between 10 and 13 million years ago.<ref name="XiaoPing2013">{{cite journal |last1=XiaoPing |first1=Wang |title= Summary of phylogeny in subfamily Colobinae (Primate: Cercopithecidae) |journal= [[Chinese Science Bulletin]] |date=2013 |volume=58 |issue=18 |pages=2097–2103 | doi = 10.1007/s11434-012-5624-y|bibcode=2013ChSBu..58.2097W |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=A Molecular Phylogeny of Living Primates |first1=Polina |last1=Perelman |first2=Warren E. |last2=Johnson |first3=Christian |last3=Roos |first4=Hector N. |last4=Seuánez |first5=Julie E. |last5=Horvath |first6=Miguel A. M. |last6=Moreira |first7=Bailey |last7=Kessing |first8=Joan |last8=Pontius |first9=Melody |last9=Roelke |first10=Yves |last10=Rumpler |first11=Maria Paula C. |last11=Schneider |first12=Artur |last12=Silva |first13=Stephen J. |last13=O'Brien |first14=Jill |last14=Pecon-Slattery |journal=PLOS Genetics |display-authors=6 |date=17 March 2011 |volume=7 |issue=3 |pages=e1001342 |doi=10.1371/journal.pgen.1001342|pmid=21436896 |pmc=3060065 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The Colobini tribe contains three genera, black-and-white colobuses, red colobuses, and the olive colobus, all of whom are found in Africa. The Asian Presbytini comprises seven genera split into two clades, the odd-nosed group and the langur group.<ref name="XiaoPing2013" /><ref name=Sterner2006>{{cite journal | author1 = Sterner, Kirstin N. | author2 = Raaum, Ryan L. | author3 = Zhang, Ya-Ping | author4 = Stewart, Caro-Beth | author5 = Disotell, Todd R. | year = 2006 | title = Mitochondrial data support an odd-nosed colobine clade | journal = Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution | volume = 40 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–7 | doi = 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.01.017 | url = http://www.raaum.org/uploads/1/1/7/5/1175545/sterner2006p1532.pdf | pmid = 16500120 | bibcode = 2006MolPE..40....1S | access-date = 2021-06-19 }}</ref> The discordant gene tree topologies and divergence age estimates suggest that hybridization, particularly involving female introgression from ''Piliocolobus''/''Procolobus'' into ''Colobus'' and male introgression from ''Semnopithecus'' into ''Trachypithecus'', played a prominent role in shaping the phylogenetic relationships of African and Asian colobine monkeys during their evolutionary history.<ref name=Osterholz2008/>

The earliest remains of Colobinae are known from the Tugen Hills of Kenya, dating to 12.5 million years ago. The earliest fossils of the genus in Eurasia are those of ''[[Mesopithecus]]'' found in Greece, dating to around 8.2 million years ago.<ref>{{Citation |last1=Frost |first1=Stephen R. |title=The Colobine Fossil Record |date=2022-02-28 |work=The Colobines |pages=13–31 |editor-last=Matsuda |editor-first=Ikki |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9781108347150%23CN-bp-3/type/book_part |access-date=2024-08-25 |edition=1 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |doi=10.1017/9781108347150.004 |isbn=978-1-108-34715-0 |last2=Gilbert |first2=Christopher C. |last3=Nakatsukasa |first3=Masato |editor2-last=Grueter |editor2-first=Cyril C. |editor3-last=Teichroeb |editor3-first=Julie A.|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

* Family [[Old World monkey|Cercopithecidae]]<ref name=msw3/><ref name=Sterner2006 />
** Subfamily [[Cercopithecinae]]
** '''Subfamily Colobinae'''
*** Tribe [[Colobini]]
**** Genus ''[[Black-and-white colobus|Colobus]]'' - black-and-white colobus monkeys
**** Genus ''[[Red colobus|Piliocolobus]]'' - red colobus monkeys
**** Genus ''[[Olive colobus|Procolobus]]'' - olive colobus
**** {{extinct}}Genus ''[[Cercopithecoides]]''
*** Tribe [[Presbytini]]
**** Langur (leaf monkey) group
***** Genus ''[[Trachypithecus]]'' - lutungs
***** Genus ''[[Surili|Presbytis]]'' - surilis
***** Genus ''[[Gray langur|Semnopithecus]]'' - gray langurs
**** Odd-nosed group
***** Genus ''[[Douc|Pygathrix]]'' - doucs
***** Genus ''[[Snub-nosed monkey|Rhinopithecus]]'' - snub-nosed monkeys
***** Genus ''[[Proboscis monkey|Nasalis]]'' - proboscis monkey
***** Genus ''[[Pig-tailed langur|Simias]]'' - pig-tailed langur
***** {{extinct}}Genus ''[[Mesopithecus]]''

===Hybrids===
Intergeneric [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrids]] are known to occur within the subfamily Colobinae. In India, [[gray langur]]s (''Semnopithecus'' spp.) are known to hybridize with [[Nilgiri langur]]s (''Trachypithecus johnii'').<ref name=Rowe1996>{{cite book|title=The Pictorial Guide to the Living Primates|url=https://archive.org/details/pictorialguideto0000rowe|url-access=registration|author=Rowe, N.|year=1996|publisher=Pogonias Press|isbn=978-0-9648825-0-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/pictorialguideto0000rowe/page/139 139], 143, 154, 185, 223}}</ref>