Editing Colonial Club (section)

== History ==

=== Early history ===

==== Foundation ====
[[File:Colonial Club First Clubhouse.png|thumb|Colonial Club's first clubhouse, 1891–1892.]]Founded in 1891 under the presidency of H.P. 'Bert' Fisher '93, the club was formed by a group of 13 Princeton University juniors, who originally called themselves the "Plug and Ulster Club." The club's founders initially encountered opposition by the president of the college, Reverend [[Francis Landey Patton|Francis L. Patton]], who opposed to the establishment of a boy's club adjacent to [[Evelyn College for Women|Evelyn College]], Princeton's coordinate women's college. After agreeing to several provisions, Colonial Club was founded and situated itself in an old Virginian, three-story veranda house. The original section consisted of several notable students including Booth Tarkington, founder of the [[Princeton Triangle Club]]. The club later was formerly incorporated in 1896 as '''The''' '''Colonial Club of Princeton University'''.

==== Great War Era ====
After the sinking of the Lusitania, military training became the principal activity on campus. Only a few of the eating clubs remained open during this time. Colonial Club temporarily considered combining with Tiger Inn until the full membership of the various clubs returned to college after the war. Almost the entire 1917 section left college to enter various branches of service, and the entirety of the 1919 section was drafted, leading to the closing of the club. Several club members perished during [[World War I]], including John G. Agar Jr. '14, Joseph M. Duff Jr. '12, Gordon C. Gregory '18, and Samuel F. Pogue '04. Colonial Club's 1920 section managed to revive the club after the war, under the guidance of W. Irving Harris '20 and [[Harvey S. Firestone Jr.]] '20, who later was chairman of the board of the [[Firestone Tire and Rubber Company]].[[File:Colonial Club Houseparties 1938.png|thumb|Colonial Club Houseparties, 1938]]

==== Great Depression and WWII ====
Surprisingly, Colonial Club enjoyed its biggest years in the thirties. The original 1933 section of thirty men was the largest that had ever entered the club up to that time, most of whom were students in the university's Politics Department. According to the Colonial Club 100th Anniversary Book, the most striking feature of the club proved to be the members' "bland unawareness of the significance of outside events in those days...few believed that the [[Japanese invasion of Manchuria|invasion of Manchuria]] or [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]]'s rise to power carried a personal threat to us."{{sfn|''100th Anniversary Book''|p=58}}

[[File:Colonial Club Dinner, 1920.png|thumb|Colonial Club Dinner, Delmonicos, N.Y., March 27, 1920]]
Colonial Club's tradition of having its formal club dinners in New York began in 1934 in an effort to bring together graduate and undergraduate members. The tradition has continued into the 21st century, with member and alumni dinners commonly held at the [[Princeton Club of New York]].

In the 1940s, Colonial Club continued to hold its place as one of the "Big Five" socially prominent eating clubs, along with Ivy, Cottage, Cap & Gown, and Tiger Inn. At the time, 80% of the members came from private preparatory schools, largely in New York, Philadelphia, and Boston, with the primary campus activity being Triangle Club and crew. Membership dropped during [[World War II]], with over 18 members ranging from the 1914 section to the 1941 section perishing in the conflict.

==== Cold War era ====
After the world war, however, Colonial's extravagant style and activities returned to the club's normal affairs. Nearly $15,000 (around $150,000 in 2016) was once spent to hire [[Lester Lanin]]'s Orchestra, and parties reminiscent of those in the [[Roaring Twenties]] became a staple of club life. By the end of the 50s, many of the traditional social amenities of earlier eras began to fade; buffet style became fashionable in lieu of the club's traditional white tablecloths, linen napkins, and waiters.

In the 60s, the club experienced several changes. The clubhouse's third floor bedrooms, which long held the staff of waiters, were renovated into rooms for members. Variable section sizes and a drop in alumni financial support occasionally led to tough financial situations for the club. [[File:Colonial Club Members during the height of WWII.png|thumb|Colonial Club Members during the height of World War II]]During this time, Colonial became the first of the clubs to go non-selective in 1969. This move, strongly encouraged by university officials, coincided with the club's admittance of female members. Unlike some of the other eating clubs including Ivy Club, which did not allow women until a lawsuit in 1991, Colonial permitted women to join once Princeton University began to admit women as undergraduates in the same year.<ref>{{cite web | access-date=2019-09-19 | url=http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/article/2016/02/new-eating-club-presidents-hope-to-improve-member-events-sense-of-community | title=New eating club presidents hope to improve member events, sense of community | date=2016-02-18 | last=Lippman | first=Caroline | website=The Princetonian}}</ref> The inclusion of women in the club's daily life noticeably led to more small parties and events around the clubhouse.
The club's financial difficulties gradually continued into the 70s and 80s, during which the club's Graduate Board of Governors considered closing the club. Efforts by several of the undergraduate officers, including president Jaime Isbester and vice president April Gilbert, kept the club afloat via a fundraising campaign that raised more than $650,000 (over $2 million in 2016). Graduate members including Jack Dorrance '41, then chairman of the [[Campbell Soup Company]], single-handedly donated over $100,000 in the club's Centennial Campaign.

=== Modern history ===

==== 2000s ====
[[File:Colonial Club Christmas Celebration, 2016.jpg|thumb|Colonial Club Christmas Celebration, 2015]]
Interest in the club reached a low point in 1999 when only 26 members of the class of 2001 signed into Colonial. Aggressive event planning by the classes of 2000 and 2001, along with generous alumni support and an enthusiastic and dedicated class of 2002, brought the club back from the brink. This was at least the third time the club had been rescued from near-oblivion; 1982 and 1988 also had seen very low sign-in numbers. In 2010, however, Colonial managed to recruit only 13 members in the first round of sign-ins; this was a massive drop from the 87 first round sign-ins from the previous year.<ref>{{cite web | access-date=2019-09-19 | archive-date=2010-02-05 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100205145717/http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/2010/02/01/24939 | url=http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/2010/02/01/24939 | title=Thirteen join Colonial in first-round sign-ins | date=2010-02-01 | last=Brean | first=Molly | url-status=dead | website=dailyprincetonian.com }}</ref> The club was still able to attract a substantial number of new members during the second round of sign-ins that same year. In 2011, a huge turnaround occurred when over 130 sophomores signed into the club, which was the largest number of sophomores to join any of the eating clubs.

Throughout this period, the club has seen both the size and demographics of each section shift drastically. Nonetheless, the openness of the club, as demonstrated in 1969, remained a hallmark of the club's culture and shaped the club into the next decade.