Editing Common warthog (section)

==Description==
[[File: Phacochère9.jpg|thumb|left|Skull of a male common warthog]]
[[File:Em - Phacochoerus africanus - 2.jpg|thumb|right|Skeleton at the [[Natural History Museum, London|Natural History Museum]] in [[London]], [[England]]]]
The common warthog is a medium-sized species, with a head-and-body length ranging from {{cvt|0.9|to|1.5|m}}, and shoulder height from {{cvt|63.5|to|85|cm}}. Females, at {{cvt|45|to|75|kg}}, are smaller and lighter than males, at {{cvt|60|to|150|kg}}.<ref name="diversity"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.denverzoo.org/downloads/dzoo_warthog.pdf |title=Common Warthog ''Phacochoerus africanus''|access-date=2013-07-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130515051829/http://www.denverzoo.org/downloads/dzoo_warthog.pdf |archive-date=15 May 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A warthog is identifiable by the two pairs of [[tusk]]s protruding from the mouth and curving upwards. The lower pair, which is far shorter than the upper pair, becomes razor-sharp by rubbing against the upper pair every time the mouth is opened and closed. The upper [[Canine tooth|canine teeth]] can grow to {{cvt|25.5|cm}} long and have a wide elliptical [[Cross section (geometry)|cross section]], being about {{cvt|4.5|cm}} deep and {{cvt|2.5|cm}} wide. A tusk will curve 90° or more from the root, and will not lie flat on a table, as it curves somewhat backwards as it grows. The tusks are not used for digging,<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last= Wilson|editor1-first= Don E.|editor2-last= Mittermeier|editor2-first= Russell A.|date= 2011|title= Handbook of the Mammals of the World, Vol. 2|publisher= Lynx Edicions|page= 277|isbn= 978-8496553774}}</ref> but are used for combat with other hogs and in defense against predators – the lower set can inflict severe wounds.{{Cn|date=December 2023}}

Common warthog [[ivory]] is taken from the constantly growing canine teeth. The tusks, particularly the upper set, work in much the same way as elephant tusks with all designs scaled down. Tusks are carved predominantly for the tourist trade in eastern and southern [[Africa]].{{cn|date=December 2023}}

The head of the common warthog is large, with a mane down the spine to the middle of the back.<ref name="diversity">{{cite web |last=Creel |first=Eileen |url=http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Phacochoerus_africanus.html |title=Phacochoerus africanus common warthog |publisher=Animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu |date=2005-03-11 |access-date=2013-07-30 |archive-date=29 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110829012846/http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Phacochoerus_africanus.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Sparse hair covers the body. Its color is usually black or brown. Tails are long and end with a tuft of hair. Common warthogs do not have subcutaneous fat and the coat is sparse, making them susceptible to extreme environmental temperatures.<ref name="diversity"/>