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Conspicuous consumption
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===Social class and consumption=== Veblen said that conspicuous consumption comprised socio-economic behaviours practised by rich people as activities usual and exclusive to people with much disposable income;<ref name=":5" /> yet a variation of Veblen's theory is presented in the conspicuous consumption behaviours that are very common to the middle class and to the working class, regardless of the person's race and ethnic group. Such upper-class economic behaviour is especially common in societies with [[Emerging markets|emerging economies]] in which the conspicuous consumption of goods and services ostentatiously signals that the buyer rose from poverty and has something to prove to society.<ref>Postrel, Virginia. 2008 July/August. "[https://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200807/consumption?ca=2I7oDJW7kruafuw%2BAmt%2FgGV%2BRts3U%2F5faeR%2BTMotW8A%3D Inconspicuous Consumption]{{Dead link|date=October 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}." ''The Atlantic''. "Conspicuous consumption, this research suggests, is not an unambiguous signal of personal affluence. It's a sign of belonging to a relatively poor group."</ref> In ''[[The Millionaire Next Door|The Millionaire Next Door: The Surprising Secrets of America's Wealthy]]'' (1996), Thomas J. Stanley and [[William D. Danko]] reported ''conspicuous frugality'', another variation of Veblen's social-class relation to conspicuous consumption. That Americans with a [[net worth]] of more than a million dollars usually avoid conspicuous consumption, and tend to practise [[frugality]], such as paying cash for a used car rather using [[credit]], in order to avoid material [[depreciation]] and paying [[interest]] upon a car loan.<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ldpaww5kkmoC | title=The Millionaire Next Door| isbn=9780671015206| last1=Stanley| first1=Thomas J.| last2=Danko| first2=William D.| date=1998|publisher=Simon and Schuster}}</ref>
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