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Consumer electronics
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=== White Goods === The increase in popularity of such domestic appliances as '[[white goods]]' is a characteristic element of consumption patterns during the [[golden age]] of the Western economy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Paris |first=Ivan |date=2013 |title=White Goods in Italy during a Golden Age (1948-1973) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43829418 |journal=The Journal of Interdisciplinary History |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=83β110 |doi=10.1162/JINH_a_00502 |jstor=43829418 |issn=0022-1953|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Europe's White Goods industry has evolved over the past 40 years, first by changing [[tariff]] barriers, and later by technical and demand shifts. <ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Baden-Fuller |first1=Charles W. F. |last2=Stopford |first2=John M. |date=1991 |title=Globalization Frustrated: The Case of White Goods |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2486522 |journal=Strategic Management Journal |volume=12 |issue=7 |pages=494 |doi=10.1002/smj.4250120703 |jstor=2486522 |issn=0143-2095|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The spending on domestic appliances has claimed only a tiny fraction of [[disposable income]], rising from 0.5{{spaces}}percent in the US in 1920 to about 2{{spaces}}percent in 1980. Yet, the sequence of electrical and mechanical [[durables]] have altered the activities and experiences of households in America and Britain in the twentieth century. With the expansion of cookers, vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, washing machines, radios, televisions, air conditioning, and microwave ovens, households have gained an escalating number of appliances. Despite the [[omnipresence|ubiquity]] of these goods, their [[diffusion]] is not well understood. Some types of appliances diffuse more frequently than others. In particular, home entertainment appliances such as radio and television have diffused much faster than household and kitchen machines."<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bowden |first1=Sue |last2=Offer |first2=Avner |date=1994 |title=Household Appliances and the Use of Time: The United States and Britain Since the 1920s |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2597714 |journal=[[The Economic History Review]] |volume=47 |issue=4 |pages=725 |doi=10.2307/2597714 |jstor=2597714|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
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