Editing Coptic language (section)

== Geographic distribution ==
{{More citations needed section|date=April 2024}}
Coptic is today spoken liturgically in the [[Coptic Orthodox Church|Coptic Orthodox]] and [[Coptic Catholic Church]] (along with [[Modern Standard Arabic]]). The language is spoken only in Egypt and historically has had little influence outside of the territory, except for monasteries located in [[Nubia]]. Coptic's most noticeable linguistic influence has been on the various dialects of [[Egyptian Arabic]], which is characterised by a Coptic [[stratum (linguistics)#Substratum|substratum]] in [[lexicon|lexical]], [[morphology (linguistics)|morphological]], [[syntax|syntactical]], and [[phonology|phonological]] features.<ref>{{cite web|title=Coptic Language History|url=https://www.axistranslations.com/language-resources/coptic-language.html|website=www.axistranslations.com|access-date=2020-05-24|archive-date=2016-03-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160327211152/http://www.axistranslations.com/language-resources/coptic-language.html}}</ref>

=== Influence on other languages ===
In addition to influencing the grammar, vocabulary and syntax of Egyptian Arabic, Coptic has lent to both [[Arabic]] and [[Modern Hebrew]] such words as:{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}

* {{lang|sem|timsāḥ}}<!-- cognate of Arabic and Hebrew --> ({{langx|ar|تمساح}}; {{langx|he|תמסח}}), "crocodile"; {{Transliteration|cop|emsah}} ({{Coptic|ⲉⲙⲥⲁϩ}});{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}} this subsequently entered Turkish as {{lang|tr|timsah}}. Coptic {{Coptic|ⲉⲙⲥⲁϩ}} is grammatically masculine and hence would have taken the form {{Transliteration|cop|pemsah}} (Sahidic: {{Coptic|ⲡⲉⲙⲥⲁϩ}}; Bohairic: {{Coptic|ⲡⲓⲉⲙⲥⲁϩ}}) with the definite articular prefix. Hence it is unclear why the word should have entered Arabic with an initial ''t'', which would have required the word to be grammatically feminine (i.e. Sahidic: {{Coptic|*ⲧⲉⲙⲥⲁϩ}}; Bohairic: {{Coptic|*ϯⲉⲙⲥⲁϩ}}).{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}
* {{lang|ar|ṭūbah}}, {{langx|ar|طوبة|link=no}}, "brick";{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}} Sahidic: {{Coptic|ⲧⲱⲱⲃⲉ}}, {{Transliteration|cop|tōōbe}}; Bohairic {{Coptic|ⲧⲱⲃⲓ}}, {{Transliteration|cop|tōbi}}; this subsequently entered [[Catalan language|Catalan]] and [[Spanish language|Spanish]] (via [[Andalusian Arabic]]) as {{lang|ca|tova}} and {{lang|es|[[adobe]]}} respectively, the latter of which was borrowed by [[American English]].{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}
* {{lang|ar|wāḥah}}, {{langx|ar|واحة|link=no}}, "oasis"; Sahidic: {{Coptic|ⲟⲩⲁϩⲉ}}, {{Transliteration|cop|ouahe}}; Bohairic: {{Coptic|ⲟⲩⲉϩⲓ}}, {{Transliteration|cop|ouehi}}; this subsequently entered Turkish as {{lang|tr|vaha}}{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}

A few words of Coptic origin are found in the [[Greek language]]; some of the words were later lent to various European languages — such as ''[[barge]]'', from Coptic {{Transliteration|cop|baare}} ({{Coptic|ⲃⲁⲁⲣⲉ}}, "small boat").{{Citation needed|date=May 2019}}

However, most words of Egyptian origin that entered into Greek and subsequently into other European languages came directly from Ancient Egyptian, often [[Demotic (Egyptian)|Demotic]]. An example is the Greek {{Transliteration|grc|oasis}} ({{lang|grc|ὄασις}}), which comes directly from Egyptian {{wikt-lang|egy|wḥꜣt}} or Demotic {{wikt-lang|egy|wḥj}}. However, Coptic [[reborrowed]] some words of Ancient Egyptian origin into its lexicon, via Greek.{{Citation needed|date=August 2017}}

Many place names in modern Egypt are Arabic adaptations of their [[list of Coptic place names|former Coptic names]]:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center"
|-
!Coptic name
!colspan=2|Modern name
|-
|{{Coptic|ⲥⲓⲱⲟⲩⲧ}} ({{Transliteration|cop|səjōwt}})
|{{lang|ar|أسيوط}} ({{Transliteration|ar|ʾasyūṭ}})
|[[Asyut]]
|-
|{{Coptic|ⲫⲓⲟⲙ}} ({{Transliteration|cop|phəyom}})
|{{lang|ar|الفيوم}} ({{Transliteration|ar|al-fayyūm}})
|[[Faiyum]]
|-
|{{Coptic|ϯⲙⲉⲛϩⲱⲣ}} ({{Transliteration|cop|təmənhōr}})
|{{lang|ar|دمنهور}} ({{Transliteration|ar|damanhūr}})
|[[Damanhur]]
|-
|{{Coptic|ⲥⲟⲩⲁⲛ}} ({{Transliteration|cop|swan}})
|{{lang|ar|أسوان}} ({{Transliteration|ar|ʾaswān}})
|[[Aswan]]
|-
|{{Coptic|ⲙⲉⲛϥ}} ({{Transliteration|cop|mənf}})
|{{lang|ar|منف}} ({{Transliteration|ar|manf}})
|[[Memphis, Egypt|Memphis]]
|}

{{Anchor|papnoute}}The Coptic name {{Coptic|ⲡⲁⲡⲛⲟⲩⲧⲉ}}, {{Transliteration|cop|papnoute}} (from Egyptian {{Transliteration|egy|pꜣy-pꜣ-nṯr}}), means "belonging to God" or "he of God".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://projetrosette.info/popup.php?Id=1012&idObjet=1780 |title=pAy, pA(n)y |website=Projet Rosette |access-date=2017-10-09 |archive-date=2017-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010055130/http://projetrosette.info/popup.php?Id=1012&idObjet=1780 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://projetrosette.info/popup.php?Id=1012&idObjet=2725 |title=nTr |website=Projet Rosette |access-date=2017-10-09 |archive-date=2017-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010054842/http://projetrosette.info/popup.php?Id=1012&idObjet=2725 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://corpling.uis.georgetown.edu/coptic-dictionary/entry.cgi?entry=1752&super=719 |title=ⲗⲁϩⲙϥ [lahmf], ⲗⲁϩⲙⲉϥ [lahmef] |website=Coptic Dictionary Online |publisher=[[Georgetown University]] |access-date=2017-10-09 |archive-date=2017-10-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010104520/https://corpling.uis.georgetown.edu/coptic-dictionary/entry.cgi?entry=1752&super=719 |url-status=live }}</ref>  It was adapted into Arabic as {{Transliteration|ar|Babnouda}}, which remains a common name among Egyptian Copts to this day. It was also borrowed into Greek as the name {{lang|grc|Παφνούτιος}} ({{Transliteration|grc|[[Paphnutius (disambiguation)|Paphnutius]]}}). That, in turn, is the source of the Russian name {{lang|ru|[[:ru:Пафнутий|Пафнутий]]}} ({{Transliteration|ru|Pafnuty}}), perhaps best known in the name of the mathematician [[Pafnuty Chebyshev]].