Editing Corynebacterium (section)

==Genomics==
Comparative analysis of corynebacterial genomes has led to the identification of several [[conserved signature indels]] (CSIs) that are unique to the genus. Two examples of CSIs are a two-amino-acid insertion in a conserved region of the enzyme [[Decaprenyl-phosphate phosphoribosyltransferase|phosphoribose diphosphate:decaprenyl-phosphate phosphoribosyltransferase]] and a three-amino-acid insertion in [[acetate kinase]], both of which are found only in ''Corynebacterium'' species. Both of these indels serve as [[Genetic marker|molecular markers]] for species of the genus ''Corynebacterium''. Additionally, 16 conserved signature proteins, which are uniquely found in ''Corynebacterium'' species, have been identified. Three of these have homologs found in the genus ''[[Dietzia]]'', which is believed to be the closest related genus to ''Corynebacterium''. In phylogenetic trees based on concatenated protein sequences or 16S rRNA, the genus ''Corynebacterium'' forms a distinct clade, within which is a distinct subclade, cluster I. The cluster is made up of the species ''C. diphtheriae, C. pseudotuberculosis, C. ulcerans, C. aurimucosum, C. glutamicum,'' and ''C. efficiens''. This cluster is distinguished by several conserved signature indels, such as a two-amino-acid insertion in LepA and a seven- or eight-amino-acid insertions in RpoC. Also, 21 conserved signature proteins are found only in members of cluster I. Another cluster has been proposed, consisting of ''C. jeikeium'' and ''C. urealyticum'', which is supported by the presence of 19 distinct conserved signature proteins which are unique to these two species.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1128/MMBR.05011-11 |pmid=22390973 |pmc=3294427 |title=Phylogenetic Framework and Molecular Signatures for the Main Clades of the Phylum Actinobacteria |journal=Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews |volume=76 |issue=1 |pages=66–112 |year=2012 |last1=Gao |first1=B. |last2=Gupta |first2=R. S. }}</ref> Corynebacteria have a high [[GC content|G+C content]] ranging from 46-74&nbsp;mol%.<ref>{{cite book |first1=K.A. |last1=Bernard |first2=G. |last2=Funke |chapter=Genus I. Corynebacterium |editor1-first=M. |editor1-last=Goodfellow |editor2-first=P. |editor2-last=Kampfer |editor3-first=H.J. |editor3-last=Busse |editor4-first=M.E. |editor4-last=Trujillo |editor5-first=K. |editor5-last=Suzuki |editor6-first=W. |editor6-last=Ludwig |editor7-first=W.B. |editor7-last=Whitman |title=Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology |edition=2nd |publisher=Springer |year=2012 |page=245 }}</ref>