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Critique of Practical Reason
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== Structure of the work == The work's structure is based on his earlier text, the ''Critique of Pure Reason''. After a preface and an introduction, the second Critique is split into a '''Doctrine of Elements''' and a '''Doctrine of Method'''. The former part is further separated into an ''Analytic'' and a ''Dialectic'' of pure practical reason. * The ''Analytic'' establishes Kant's theory of practical rationality. There he outlines and analyzes the principles of morality, shows that pure reason is [[Pure practical reason|practical]] (viz. that reason can drive or motivate our actions independently of any empirical conditions lying in the senses and feeling), discusses the object or aim of pure practical reason (the good), and deals with the non-empirical/pure incentives or "motivating springs" (''Triebfeder'') of morals. * The ''Dialectic'' is "the exposition and resolution of illusion in the judgments of practical reason",<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kant |first=Immanuel |title=Critique of Practical Reason|publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2015 |isbn=9781107467057 |pages=13|translator-last=Gregor|translator-first=Mary}}</ref><ref>Kant, KpV 5:16.</ref> about topics like the highest good and the errors previous philosophers made by putting it as the ''basis'' and motivation of morality. It also discusses how the existence of God and the soul's immortality as "postulates of practical reason" fit into the idea of the highest good. The '''Doctrine of Method''' discusses moral education and how "one can provide the laws of pure practical reason with access to the human mind and ''influence'' on its maxims".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kant |first=Immanuel |title=Critique of Practical Reason|publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2015 |isbn=9781107467057 |pages=121|translator-last=Gregor|translator-first=Mary}}</ref><ref>Kant, KpV 5:151.</ref> === Divisions of the ''Critique of Practical Reason'' === ''Preface''<ref>All section titles are taken from: {{Cite book |last=Kant |first=Immanuel |title=Critique of Practical Reason|publisher=Hackett Publishing Company, Inc. |year=2002 |isbn=9780872206175 |pages=viii-x|translator-last=Pluhar |translator-first=Werner}}</ref> <br>''Introduction'' : Part I. Doctrine of the Elements of Pure Practical Reason :: Book I. Analytic of Pure Practical Reason ::: Chapter I. On the Principles of Pure Practical Reason :::: §1. Explication (of practical principles) :::: §2–4. Theorems I-III :::: §5–6. Problems I & II :::: §7. Basic Law of Pure Practical Reason (Categorical imperative) :::: §8. Theorem IV ::::: a. Practical Material Determining Bases (Rejection of previous philosophical bases of morality) :::: I. On the Deduction of the Principles of Pure Practical Reason :::: II. On the Authority of Pure Reason in Its Practical Use to an Expansion That Is Not Possible for It in Its Speculative Use ::: Chapter II. On the Concept of an Object of Pure Practical Reason :::: a. Table of the Categories of Freedom in Regard to the Concepts of Good and Evil :::: b. Typic of the Pure Practical Power of Judgment ::: Chapter III. On the Incentives of Pure Practical Reason :::: a. Critical Examination of the Analytic of Pure Practical Reason (Comparison with the ''Critique of Pure Reason'''s structure and refutations of other theories on freedom of the will) :: Book II. Dialectic of Pure Practical Reason ::: Chapter I. On a Dialectic of Pure Practical Reason as Such ::: Chapter II. On a Dialectic of Pure Reason in Determining the Concept of the Highest Good :::: I–II. Antinomy of Practical Reason & its Critical Annulment :::: III. On the Primacy of Pure Practical Reason in Its Linkage with Speculative Reason :::: IV-V. The Immortality of the Soul & God's Existence, as Postulates of Pure Practical Reason :::: VI. On the Postulates of Pure Practical Reason as Such :::: VII. How It Is Possible to Think an Expansion of Pure Reason for a Practical Aim without Thereby Also Expanding Its Cognition as Speculative :::: VIII. On Assent from a Need of Pure Reason :::: IX. On the Wisely Commensurate Proportion of the Human Being's Cognitive Powers to His Practical Vocation : Part II. Doctrine of the Method of Pure Practical Reason ''Conclusion''
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