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Culham
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==Parish church== Several records suggest that Culham may have had a chapel since the 9th century. A parish church dedicated to [[Saint Paul]] was built in the 12th century. It was [[Cruciform#Cruciform architectural plan|cruciform]], having a [[chancel]], [[nave]] and north and south [[transept]]s, and had features from the [[English Gothic architecture#Early English Gothic|Early English]] and [[English Gothic architecture#Decorated Gothic|Decorated]] periods. There was a [[Bell tower|tower]], and this was demolished and replaced in 1710. In 1852 the whole church except the 1710 tower was demolished and replaced with a new [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic Revival]] building in 13th century style designed by [[Joseph Clarke (architect)|Joseph Clarke]].{{sfn|Sherwood|Pevsner|1974|p=565}}<ref>{{NHLE |num=1059792 |desc=Church of St Paul, The Green |grade=II |fewer-links=yes |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> During the rebuilding, [[Heraldry|heraldic]] [[stained glass]] installed in the north transept in 1638 was transferred to a window in the north aisle of the new church. The tower has a [[Change ringing|ring]] of six bells, but currently for technical reasons it is not possible to ring them. Mears and Stainbank of the [[Whitechapel Bell Foundry]] cast or re-cast five of the bells in 1921, and cast the present tenor bell in 1926. St Paul's also has a Sanctus bell cast in 1774 by Edne Witts of [[Aldbourne#Bell foundry|Aldbourne]], [[Wiltshire]].<ref>{{cite web |url= http://dove.cccbr.org.uk/detail.php?searchString=Culham&Submit=+Go+&DoveID=CULHAM |title=Culham S Paul |last=Walker |first=Mark |date=28 January 2009 |work=[[Dove's Guide for Church Bell Ringers]] |publisher=[[Central Council for Church Bell Ringers]] |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref> St Paul's parish is now part of the [[Benefice#Church of England|Benefice]] of [[Dorchester Abbey|Dorchester]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.achurchnearyou.com/benefice.php?B=27/153BJ |title=Benefice of Dorchester |author=Archbishops' Council |author-link=Archbishops' Council |work=[[A Church Near You]] |publisher=[[Church of England]] |access-date=30 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304202422/http://www.achurchnearyou.com/benefice.php?B=27%2F153BJ |archive-date=4 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 1486 brothers Sir Humphrey and Thomas Stafford sought sanctuary in the church after they had fled from the newly crowned [[King Henry VII]] after the brothers were defeated at the [[Battle of Bosworth]]. On 14 May 1486, sixty of the King's men entered the church and arrested the two brothers who were tried for treason. Sir Humphrey Stafford was executed; however, Henry pardoned the younger brother Thomas.{{citation needed|date=September 2021}} Culham House is a mid-18th-century brick [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] house, built to replace an earlier [[rectory]]. It was probably designed and built by [[John Phillips (c 1709-1775)|John Phillips]] of London.<ref>{{NHLE |num=1194530 |desc=Culham House, High Street |grade=II |fewer-links=yes |access-date=30 July 2015}}</ref>
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