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Daf
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=== In Islam === In some forms of [[Islam]], daf holds special importance because some Muslims believe that it is the only musical instrument which is permitted to be used.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hewer |first=Chris |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nGWmDwAAQBAJ |title=Understanding Islam: The First Ten Steps |publisher=SCM Press |year=2014 |isbn=978-0334052333 |quote=Some Muslims hold all forms of music to be forbidden, others permit certain forms of unaccompanied singing, while others will permit the use of daff or drum like a tambourine (without the cymbals). In some Sufi circles the flute or lute are permitted.}}</ref> Other Muslims believe musical instruments in general are allowed, not exclusively the daf.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Singing and Music in Islam - IslamiCity |url=https://www.islamicity.org/3018/singing-and-music-in-islam/ |access-date=2024-11-09 |website=www.islamicity.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Scholars and musicians hotly debate whether music is permissible or not |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/scholars-and-musicians-hotly-debate-whether-music-is-permissible-or-not-1.1262467 |access-date=2024-11-09 |website=The Irish Times |language=en}}</ref> The Prophet of Islam, [[Muhammad]], did not impose a total prohibition on using the daf, stating that it is permissible during [[Eid al-Fitr|Eid]], a wedding [[Walima]], or to greet a government official after they arrive from a journey.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Leaman |first=Oliver |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DbNEAQAAQBAJ |title=Controversies in Contemporary Islam |publisher=Routledge |year=2013 |isbn=978-1134499823 |location=Kentucky, US |pages=196 |quote=The daff, a simple drum or tambourine, is specifically mentioned. The Prophet did not impose any restriction on using the daff, a common musical instrument used at that time.}}</ref> It has always been an important part of [[Sufi music|Islamic Sufi music]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Zuhur |first=Sherifa |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_m9WEAAAQBAJ |title=Popular Dance and Music in Modern Egypt |publisher=McFarland |year=2021 |isbn=978-1476681993 |location=Berkeley, California |pages=200 |quote=Daff ... It has been important to Sufi music.}}</ref>
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