Editing Deccani language (section)

=== Origin  ===
As a predecessor of modern [[Hindustani language|Hindustani]],{{Sfn|Rahman|2011|p=27}} Deccani has its origins in the [[Language contact|contact dialect]] spoken around Delhi then known as ''[[Dehlavi]]'' and now called [[Old Hindi]]''.'' In the early 14th century, this dialect was introduced in the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccan]] region through the military exploits of [[Alauddin Khalji]].{{Sfn|Mustafa|2008|p=185}} In 1327 AD, [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] shifted his [[Delhi Sultanate|Sultanate]]'s capital from [[Delhi]] to [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]] (near present-day [[Aurangabad]], Maharashtra), causing a mass migration; governors, soldiers and common people moved south, bringing the dialect with them.{{sfn|Dua|2012|p=383}} At this time (and for the next few centuries) the cultural centres of the northern Indian subcontinent were under [[Persian language|Persian]] linguistic hegemony.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=Matthews|first=David|title=Urdu|url=https://iranicaonline.org/articles/urdu|url-status=live|website=Encyclopaedia Iranica|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110429160516/http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/urdu |archive-date=29 April 2011 }}</ref>

The [[Bahmani Sultanate]] was formed in 1347 AD with [[Daulatabad, Maharashtra|Daulatabad]] as its capital. This was later moved to [[Gulbarga]] and once again, in 1430, to [[Bidar]]. By this time, the dialect had acquired the name ''Dakhni,'' from the name of the region itself, and had become a ''lingua franca'' for the linguistically diverse people of the region, primarily where the Muslims had settled permanently.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yBJuAAAAMAAJ&q=dakhni+lingua+franca+muslims |title=A History of the Freedom Movement:Being the Story of Muslim Struggle for the Freedom of Hind-Pakistan, 1707–1947 |volume =3| issue =2 |publisher=Pakistan Historical Society |date=1957 }}</ref> The Bahmanids greatly promoted Persian, and did not show any notable patronage for Deccani.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Schmidt|first=Ruth L.|title=Dakhini Urdu : History and Structure|year=1981|location=New Delhi|pages=3 & 6}}</ref> However, their 150-year rule saw the burgeoning of a local Deccani literary culture outside the court, as religious texts were made in the language. The [[Sufism|Sufis]] in the region (such as Shah Miranji) were an important vehicle of Deccani; they used it in their preachings since regional languages were more accessible (than Persian) to the general population. This era also saw production of the [[Masnavi (poetic form)|''masnavi'']] ''[[Kadam Rao Padam Rao]]'' by Fakhruddin Nizami in the region around Bidar. It is the earliest available manuscript of the Hindavi/Dehlavi/Deccani language, and contains loanwords from local languages such as Telugu and Marathi. Digby suggests that it was not produced in courtly settings.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Digby|first=Simon|title=Before Timur Came: Provincialization of the Delhi Sultanate through the Fourteenth Century|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25165052|journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient|year=2004|volume=47|issue=3|pages=333–335|doi=10.1163/1568520041974657|jstor=25165052|url-access=subscription}}</ref>