Editing Demilitarized zone (section)

==Former demilitarized zones==
[[File:Gibraltar map.png|thumb|right|alt=Old map of the Gibraltar peninsula|Historical map of the [[promontory]] of Gibraltar.]]
[[File:DMZ1.jpg|250px|thumb|alt=Map of the demilitarized zone between North and South Vietnam|The [[Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone]] separating [[North Vietnam|North]] and [[South Vietnam]] in 1969]]

* A neutral territory was established between the [[British Overseas Territories|British Overseas Territory]] of [[Gibraltar]] and [[Spain]] after the end of the [[Thirteenth siege of Gibraltar|1727 siege]]. A strip of land 600 [[toise]]s (about {{convert|1.2|km|mi|frac=8|abbr=on|disp=or}}) long,{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} more than two cannon shots' distance between the British and Spanish guns, was called "the neutral ground" and shown as such on older maps. In 1908, the British built a fence in a portion claimed to be the British half of the neutral territory. Spain [[Disputed status of the isthmus between Gibraltar and Spain|does not recognize]] British sovereignty over the isthmus (including the border), asserting it is Spanish soil. Although both the United Kingdom and Spain used to be part of the [[European Union]] (before the United Kingdom's exit), the border was a ''[[de facto]]'' international frontier with customs and immigration checks; Spain does not formally recognize it as a "frontier", referring to it as a "fence". Whatever its name, Gibraltar opted out of the [[European Union Customs Union]] and is not part of the [[Schengen Area]]; the border is open 24 hours a day, with [[customs]] duties payable on designated goods entering Spain or Gibraltar.
*[[Rhineland]] – The [[Treaty of Versailles]] designated the Rhineland as a demilitarized zone after [[World War I]], prohibiting the [[Weimar Republic]] from deploying its [[Reichswehr|military]] there. It was [[Remilitarization of the Rhineland|re-occupied and re-militarized]] in 1936 by [[Nazi Germany]] in violation of international treaties.
*[[Saudi–Iraqi neutral zone]] – The Uqair Protocol established a demilitarized zone between the [[Sultanate of Nejd]] and the [[Kingdom of Iraq]], which at the time was a [[League of Nations mandate]] administered by the [[British Empire]]. Nejd was later incorporated into the [[Saudi Arabia|Kingdom of Saudi Arabia]]. The zone was partitioned in 1981 but the treaty was not filed with the [[United Nations]]. The zone was finally officially abolished during the [[Gulf War|Persian Gulf War]], when Iraq and Saudi Arabia cancelled all international agreements with each other. 
*[[Saudi–Kuwaiti neutral zone]] – The Uqair Protocol established a neutral zone between the Sultanate of Nejd and the [[British protectorate]] of [[Kuwait]] in 1922. It was partitioned by mutual agreement in 1970.
*Israel and Egypt:
**Following the [[1948 Arab–Israeli War]], a DMZ (the [[El Auja Zone]]) was created by the [[1949 Armistice Agreements]] between Israel and Egypt.
*Israel and Jordan:
**The Israeli enclave and Jordanian area on [[Mount Scopus#Modern era|Mt. Scopus]] was designated as a DMZ.
**The area around the [[Latrun]] salient.
*Israel and Syria: Following the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, three DMZs were created by the [[1949 Armistice Agreements]] between Israel and Syria.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/MAPS/newpdf/Israel-Syria-demilitarized.pdf |title=Palestine Maps |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060215180052/http://www.passia.org/palestine_facts/MAPS/newpdf/Israel-Syria-demilitarized.pdf |archive-date=15 February 2006 |access-date=9 October 2018 |work=[[Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs]]}}</ref>
*China – The Imperial Japanese Army conquered [[Manchuria]] between September 1931 and February 1932, when they proclaimed the region the state of [[Manchukuo]]. In May 1933, the [[Tanggu Truce]] between China and Japan was concluded, establishing a demilitarized zone between Manchukuo and China. In 1937 Japan violated this truce with an invasion of the remainder of China. In 1945, after the fall of the Japanese empire at the end of the [[Pacific War|Asia-Pacific theater]] of [[World War II]], Manchuria was re-incorporated into China.
*Ecuador – a demilitarized zone was established on 2 October 1941, after the [[Ecuadorian–Peruvian War|war]] between Ecuador and [[Peru]], which existed under [[Ecuador]]ian administration and under the observation of neutral mediator nations: the United States, Brazil and Argentina.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Estudio de la cuestión de límites entre el Perú y el Ecuador|publisher=[[Ministry of Defense (Peru)|Ministry of War of Peru]]|year=1961|location=Peru|pages=71–72|language=Spanish}}</ref> The DMZ was abolished in 1942, with the withdrawal of [[Peruvian occupation of Ecuador|Peruvian forces]] from [[El Oro Province]] after the signing of the [[Rio Protocol]].
*[[Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone]] – The demilitarized zone between [[North Vietnam]] and [[South Vietnam]] was established in July 1954 as a result of the [[Geneva Conference (1954)|Geneva Conference]] ending the war between the [[Viet Minh]] and [[France]]. The DMZ in Vietnam officially lay at the [[17th parallel north|17th parallel]] and ended in 1976; in reality, it extended about {{cvt|1|mi|km|0|order=flip}} on either side of the [[Bến Hải River]] and west to east from the [[Laos|Lao]] border to the [[South China Sea]].
*Norway and Sweden established a demilitarized zone of 1&nbsp;km (1,100 yards) on each side of their border after the [[dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden]] in 1905. The zone was abolished by mutual agreement in 1993.
*[[El Caguán DMZ]] – A demilitarized zone was established in southern [[Colombia]] between 1999 and 2002, during the failed [[1999–2002 FARC–Government peace process|peace process]] that involved the Government of [[President of Colombia|President]] [[Andrés Pastrana]] and the [[Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia]] (FARC).[[File:U.S. and Turkish military forces conduct second joint ground patrol inside of the security mechanism in northeast Syria.jpg|thumb|Turkish and American soldiers provide security for a joint ground patrol in the [[Northern Syria Buffer Zone]], 24 September 2019]]
*[[Northern Syria Buffer Zone]]&nbsp;– A {{convert|115|km|abbr=on}} demilitarized zone in northern Syria straddling portions of the [[Syria–Turkey border]]. It was established between Turkey and the United States, both [[NATO]] allies, during the [[Syrian Civil War]] to prevent clashes between [[Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria|Kurdish]] and Turkish forces.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/news/fff9400a-a0b3-4ff4-be05-e18d00a046cf|title=US and Turkey reach accord, but concerns of Syrian Kurds continue |last=Kurdistan24|website=Kurdistan24|language=en|access-date=2019-08-25}}</ref> The DMZ collapsed in October 2019, after Turkey dismissed the agreement and the United States ordered a withdrawal of US forces from northern Syria, allowing the [[2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria]] to go ahead.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/turkey-launches-assault-on-kurdish-fighters-in-syria-after-us-forces-step-aside/|title=Turkey launches assault on Kurdish fighters in Syria, after US forces step aside |last1=Pitarakis |first1=Lefteris |last2=Mroue |first2=Bassem |website=www.timesofisrael.com |language=en-US|access-date=2019-10-09}}</ref>
*[[Ground Safety Zone]]&nbsp;– A {{convert|5|km|mi|adj=mid|-wide}} demilitarized area between [[FR Yugoslavia]] and [[Kosovo]] was created under the [[Kumanovo Agreement]] following the [[Kosovo War]] that existed between 1999 and 2001. Following the [[Insurgency in the Preševo Valley]], Serbian forces were allowed to enter GSZ.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Ground Safety Zone (GSZ): Time out for rebel strong hold – Serbia|url=https://reliefweb.int/report/serbia/ground-safety-zone-gsz-time-out-rebel-strong-hold|access-date=2021-10-14|website=ReliefWeb|date=June 2001 |language=en}}</ref> 
* [[Idlib demilitarization (2018–present)|Idlib demilitarization agreement zone]]&nbsp;– A {{convert|15|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} demilitarized zone, created by agreement between [[Russia]]n and [[Turkey|Turkish]] government, splitting the last major stronghold of the [[Syrian opposition to Bashar al-Assad|Syrian rebels]] from the [[Syria|Syrian government]] controlled area amidst the [[Syrian Civil War]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-turkey-russia-syria-20180917-story,amp.html |title=Turkey, Russia agree on demilitarized zone in Syria's Idlib region |first=Jim |last=Heintz |date=17 September 2018 |access-date=9 October 2018 |newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181008203352/http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-turkey-russia-syria-20180917-story,amp.html |archive-date=8 October 2018}}</ref>