Editing Direct methanol fuel cell (section)

== Application ==
Current DMFCs are limited in the power they can produce, but can still store a high energy content in a small space.  This means they can produce a small amount of power over a long period of time. This makes them ill-suited for powering large vehicles (at least directly), but ideal for smaller vehicles such as forklifts and tuggers<ref>[https://abcnews.go.com/Business/wireStory?id=8409053 Tenn. Nissan Plant to Use Methanol to Cut Costs ] by ABC News.</ref> and consumer goods such as [[mobile phone]]s, [[digital camera]]s or [[laptop]]s. Military applications of DMFCs are an emerging application since they have low noise and thermal signatures and no toxic effluent. These applications include power for man-portable tactical equipment, battery chargers, and autonomous power for test and training instrumentation. Units are available with power outputs between 25 watts and 5 kilowatts with durations up to 100 hours between refuelings. Especially for power output up to 0.3&nbsp;kW the DMFC is suitable. For a power output of more than 0.3&nbsp;kW the [[Reformed methanol fuel cell|indirect methanol fuel cell]] presents a higher efficiency and is more cost-efficient.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Simon Araya|first1=Samuel|last2=Liso|first2=Vincenzo|last3=Cui|first3=Xiaoti|last4=Li|first4=Na|last5=Zhu|first5=Jimin|last6=Sahlin|first6=Simon Lennart|last7=Jensen|first7=Søren Højgaard|last8=Nielsen|first8=Mads Pagh|last9=Kær|first9=Søren Knudsen|date=2020|title=A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route|journal=Energies|language=en|volume=13|issue=3|pages=596|doi=10.3390/en13030596|doi-access=free}}</ref> Freezing of the liquid methanol-water mixture in the stack at low ambient temperature can be problematic for the membrane of DMFC (in contrast to indirect methanol fuel cell).