Editing Dredging (section)

==History==
Ancient authors refer to harbour dredging. The seven arms of the [[Nile]] were channelled and wharfs built at the time of the pyramids (3rd millennium BC), there was extensive harbour building in the eastern Mediterranean from 1000 BC and the disturbed sediment layers gives evidence of dredging. At [[Marseille]], dredging phases are recorded from the third century BC onwards, the most extensive during the first century AD. The remains of three dredging boats have been unearthed; they were abandoned at the bottom of the harbour during the first and second centuries AD.<ref name="MMC">{{cite web |last1=Morhange |first1=Christophe |last2=Marriner |first2=Nick |last3=Carayon |first3=Nicolas |title=The eco-history of ancient Mediterranean harbours |url=https://www.ancientportsantiques.com/wp-content/uploads/Documents/AUTHORS/Morhange-PublGenerales/Morhange2016-HistoryPorts.pdf|access-date=1 July 2018}}</ref>

The [[Banū Mūsā brothers|Banu Musa brothers]] during the Muslim Golden Age, while working at the Bayt-Al-Hikmah (house of wisdom) in Baghdad, designed an original invention in their book named ''[[Book of Ingenious Devices]]'', a grab machine that does not appear in any earlier Greek works. The grab they described was used to extract objects from underwater, and recover objects from the beds of streams.<ref name=Hill-21>{{citation|title=The book of ingenious devices (Kitāb al-ḥiyal)|author=[[Banu Musa]]|translator=[[Donald Routledge Hill]]|publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|year=1979|isbn=90-277-0833-9|page=21}}</ref>

During the renaissance [[Leonardo da Vinci]] drew a design for a drag dredger.

Dredging machines have been used during the construction of the [[Suez Canal Company|Suez Canal]] from the late 1800s to present day expansions and maintenance.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/new-suez-canal-a-dredging-triumph|title=New Suez Canal: A Dredging Triumph|website=The Maritime Executive|language=en|access-date=2019-09-21}}</ref> The completion of the [[Panama Canal]] in 1914, the most expensive U.S. engineering project at the time, relied extensively on dredging.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.usdredge.com/blog/dredging-company/dredging-up-the-past-the-panama-canal/|title=Dredging Up the Past: The Panama Canal|website=U.S. Aqua Services|language=en-US|access-date=2019-09-21}}</ref>
[[File:Draga cavafango Leonardo - Museo scienza e tecnologia Milano.jpg|thumb|Reconstruction of the mud-drag by [[Leonardo da Vinci]] (''Manuscript E, folio 75 v.'')]]
[[File:Draga cavafango Leonardo 2 - Museo scienza e tecnologia Milano.jpg|thumb|Reconstruction of the mud-drag <!--on exhibit at the [[Museo Nazionale della Scienza e della Tecnologia "Leonardo da Vinci"|Museo nazionale della scienza e della tecnologia "Leonardo da Vinci"]], Milan.-->]]
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Ancient History (4241 B.C. TO AD. 500)

The Period Of Stagnation (A.D. 500-1500)

The Awakening Of Interest (c. A.D. 1500-1700)

The Age Of Invention (A.D. 1700-1800)

The Age Of Steam Power (A.D. 1800-1900)

The Twentieth Century
<ref>{{cite book |title=ICE Virtual Library |url=https://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/doi/abs/10.1680/d1967c.44777.0002 |access-date=2 July 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

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