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Dublin lock-out
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===Poverty and housing=== {{see also|Tenement#Dublin|History of Dublin#Early 20th century}} Many of Dublin's workers lived in terrible conditions in [[tenement]]s. For example, over 830 people lived in just 15 houses in [[Henrietta Street, Dublin|Henrietta Street]]'s Georgian tenements. At 10 Henrietta Street, the [[Religious Sisters of Charity|Irish Sisters of Charity]] ran a [[Magdalene laundries in Ireland|Magdalene laundry that was inhabited by]] more than 50 single women.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.census.nationalarchives.ie/exhibition/dublin/poverty_health.html |title=Exhibition - Poverty and Health |publisher=[[National Archives of Ireland]] |access-date=9 July 2015}}</ref> An estimated four million pledges were taken in pawnbrokers every year. The [[infant mortality rate]] among the poor was 142 per 1,000 births, extraordinarily high for a European city. The situation was made considerably worse by the high rate of disease in the slums, which was worsened by the lack of health care and cramped living conditions. The most prevalent disease in the Dublin slums at the time was [[tuberculosis]] (TB), which spread through tenements very quickly and caused many deaths among the poor. A report, published in 1912, found that TB-related deaths in Ireland were 50% higher than in [[England]] or [[Scotland]]. The vast majority of TB-related deaths in Ireland occurred among the poorer classes. The report updated a 1903 study by Dr [[John Lumsden]]. Poverty was perpetuated in Dublin by the lack of work for unskilled workers, who did not have any form of representation before trade unions were founded. The unskilled workers often had to compete with one another for work every day, with the job generally going to whoever agreed to work for the lowest wages.
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