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Free electron model
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== From the Drude model == {{main|Drude model}} Many physical properties follow directly from the [[Drude model]], as some equations do not depend on the statistical distribution of the particles. Taking the [[Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution#Distribution for the velocity vector|classical velocity distribution]] of an ideal gas or the velocity distribution of a [[Fermi gas]] only changes the results related to the speed of the electrons.<ref name=":0" group="Ashcroft & Mermin">{{Harvnb|Ashcroft|Mermin|1976|pp=49-51}}</ref> Mainly, the free electron model and the Drude model predict the same DC electrical conductivity ''σ'' for [[Ohm's law]], that is<ref group="Ashcroft & Mermin">{{Harvnb|Ashcroft|Mermin|1976|pp=|p=7}}</ref> :<math>\mathbf{J} = \sigma \mathbf{E}\quad</math> with <math>\quad\sigma = \frac{ne^2\tau}{m_e},</math> where <math>\mathbf{J}</math> is the [[current density]], <math>\mathbf{E}</math> is the external electric field, <math>n</math> is the [[electronic density]] (number of electrons/volume), <math>\tau</math> is the [[mean free time]] and <math>e</math> is the [[elementary charge|electron electric charge]].<!-- , and <math>m_e</math> is the [[electron rest mass|electron mass]]. To include if paragraph above about Bloch's theorem disappears --> Other quantities that remain the same under the free electron model as under Drude's are the AC susceptibility, the [[plasma oscillation|plasma frequency]], the [[magnetoresistance]], and the Hall coefficient related to the [[Hall effect]].<ref name=":0" group="Ashcroft & Mermin" />
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