Editing Gauteng (section)

==History==
[[File:Sesotho-Gaudeng.PNG|280px|thumb|right|A snippet of text showing the Sesotho word "Gaudeng" (modern ''Gauteng'') in Jacottet's [https://archive.org/stream/practicalmethodt00jacorich#page/198/mode/2up ''A practical method to learn Sesuto: with exercises and a short vocabulary''], published in 1906]]
Gauteng was formed from part of the old [[Transvaal (province)|Transvaal province]] after South Africa's first multiracial elections on 27 April 1994. It was initially called [[Pretoria]]–[[Witwatersrand]]–[[Vereeniging]] (PWV) and was renamed "Gauteng" on the 28th of June 1995, the same day two other provinces were renamed.<ref name = "GautengRenamed">{{cite web | url=http://www.culturalguiding.com/Help/PDF/General_Overview_of_Gauteng.pdf | title=General Overview of Gauteng | publisher=Makiti Guides and Tours (Pty) Ltd. | access-date=2 May 2013 | archive-date=11 April 2005 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050411233106/http://www.statssa.gov.za/census01/Census/Database/Census%202001/Census%202001.asp | url-status=live }}</ref> The term "PWV" describing the region existed long before the establishment of a province by that name,<ref name = "ZAHistoryGP" >{{cite web |url=http://www.sahistory.org.za/places/gauteng |title=Gauteng |publisher=South African History Online |access-date=3 May 2013 |archive-date=25 January 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190125205710/http://www.sahistory.org.za/places/gauteng |url-status=live }}</ref> with the "V" sometimes standing for "[[Vaal Triangle]]" rather than Vereeniging.<ref>{{Cite journal|url = https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12284151/|pmid = 12284151|year = 1990|last1 = Geyer|first1 = H. S.|title = Implications of differential urbanization on deconcentration in the Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vaal Triangle metropolitan area, South Africa|journal = Geoforum; Journal of Physical, Human, and Regional Geosciences|volume = 21|issue = 4|pages = 385–96|doi = 10.1016/0016-7185(90)90019-3|access-date = 5 July 2020|archive-date = 5 July 2020|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200705155050/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12284151/|url-status = live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://search.archives.un.org/united-nations-observer-mission-in-south-africa-unomsa-headquarters-johannesburg-pretoria-witwatersrand-vaal-pwv-vaal-triangle-weekly-operational-statistics-and-reports |title=United Nations Observer Mission in South Africa (UNOMSA) Headquarters - Johannesburg, Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vaal (PWV) - Vaal Triangle - weekly operational statistics and reports - UNARMS |publisher=Search.archives.un.org |date= |accessdate=2022-03-17 |archive-date=5 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200705155136/https://search.archives.un.org/united-nations-observer-mission-in-south-africa-unomsa-headquarters-johannesburg-pretoria-witwatersrand-vaal-pwv-vaal-triangle-weekly-operational-statistics-and-reports |url-status=live }}</ref>

At the [[Sterkfontein]] caves, some of the oldest fossils of hominids have been discovered, such as [[Mrs. Ples]] and [[Little Foot]].<ref name="SouthAfrica.NetGP" />

Events in this area were not written down until the 19th century;<ref name="SouthAfrica.NetGP" /> information from before that time is lost or difficult to confirm.<ref name="SouthAfrica.NetGP" />  The first records are from the early 19th century, when settlers originating from the [[Cape Colony]] defeated chief [[Mzilikazi]] and started establishing villages in the area.<ref name = "SouthAfrica.NetGP">{{cite web |url=http://www.southafrica.net/za/en/articles/entry/article-southafrica.net-history-of-gauteng#.UYOA-6KBm2E |title=From mining village to commercial powerhouse – History of Gauteng |publisher=southafrica.net |access-date=3 May 2013 |archive-date=16 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116173102/https://www.southafrica.net/za/en/articles/entry/article-southafrica.net-history-of-gauteng#.UYOA-6KBm2E |url-status=live }}</ref>

The city of Pretoria, established in 1855 as the capital of the [[South African Republic]], witnessed rapid growth until the discovery of gold in the Witswatersrand area in 1886, which led to the founding of Johannesburg.<ref name="ZAHistoryGP" /><ref name="SouthAfrica.NetGP" /> Despite slower development compared to Johannesburg, Pretoria maintained significance, notably due to its pivotal role in the [[Second Boer War]].<ref name="SouthAfrica.NetGP" /> The nearby town of [[Cullinan, South Africa|Cullinan]] gained international acclaim in 1905 when the largest diamond ever discovered, the [[Cullinan Diamond]], was mined there.<ref name="ZAHistoryGP" />

Many events crucial to the anti-[[apartheid]] struggle happened in present-day Gauteng, such as the [[Freedom Charter]] of 1955, [[Women's March (South Africa)|Women's March]] of 1956, [[Sharpeville massacre]] of 1960, the [[Rivonia Trial]] of 1963 and 1964, the [[little Rivonia Trial]] of 1964, the [[Soweto uprising]] of 1976 and [[Sharpeville Six]] of 1984.<ref name = "ZAHistoryGP" /> The [[Apartheid Museum]] documents this era.<ref name = "ZAHistoryGP" />