Editing Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (section)

=== Cryogenic engine controversy ===
The third stage was to be procured from Russian company [[Glavkosmos]], including transfer of technology and design details of the engine based on an agreement signed in 1991.<ref name=flGSLVQuest/> Russia backed out of the deal after United States objected to the deal as in violation of the [[Missile Technology Control Regime]] (MTCR) in May 1992. As a result, ISRO initiated the '''Cryogenic Upper Stage Project''' in April 1994 and began developing its own cryogenic engine.<ref name=GSLVGopalRaj>{{cite news|last=Raj|first=N Gopal|title=The long road to cryogenic technology
|url=http://www.thehindu.com/opinion/lead/the-long-road-to-cryogenic-technology/article397441.ece|access-date=12 December 2013|newspaper=The Hindu|date=21 April 2011|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> A new agreement was signed with Russia for 7 [[KVD-1]] cryogenic stages and 1 ground mock-up stage with no technology transfer, instead of 5 cryogenic stages along with the technology and design as per the earlier agreement.<ref>{{cite news|last=Subramanian|first=T. S.|title=The cryogenic quest|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl1809/18090140.htm|access-date=13 December 2013|newspaper=Frontline|date=28 April – 11 May 2001}}</ref> These engines were used for the initial flights and were named GSLV Mk I.<ref>{{cite web|title=Why ISRO's New Engine and Mk III Rocket Are Reasons to Forget 1990 Cryogenic Scandal |url=https://thewire.in/138915/cryogenic-ce-20-isro-gslv-mk-iii/|publisher=The Wire|access-date=10 February 2018}}</ref>