Editing Grammar school (section)

=== Medieval grammar schools ===
{{see also|Latin school}}
[[File:King's School Normal staircase.jpg|thumb|Norman staircase at [[King's School, Canterbury]] (founded 597)]]
Although the term {{lang|la|scolae grammaticales}} was not widely used until the 14th century, the earliest such schools appeared from the sixth century, e.g. the [[King's School, Canterbury]] (founded 597), the [[King's School, Rochester]] (604) and [[St Peter's School, York]] (627)<ref>{{cite book
| editor     = W.H. Hadow
| editor-link     = William Henry Hadow
| title      = The Education of the Adolescent
| publisher  = HM Stationery Office | location = London | year = 1926
| url        = http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/hadow1926/
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100406010825/http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/hadow1926/
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 6 April 2010
| access-date = 15 April 2010
}}</ref><ref name="Gordon&Lawton">{{cite book
| title     = Dictionary of British Education
| author    = Peter Gordon |author2=Denis Lawton
| publisher = Woburn Press | location = London | year = 2003
}}</ref>
The schools were attached to cathedrals and monasteries, teaching Latin – the language of the church – to future priests and monks. Other subjects required for religious work were occasionally added, including music and verse (for liturgy), astronomy and mathematics (for the church calendar) and law (for administration).<ref name="Spens Report">{{cite book
| editor     = Will Spens
| editor-link= Will Spens
| title      = Secondary education with special reference to grammar schools and technical high schools
| publisher  = HM Stationery Office | location = London | year = 1938
| url        = http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/spens/
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100406010840/http://www.educationengland.org.uk/documents/spens/
| url-status = dead
| archive-date = 6 April 2010
| access-date = 15 April 2010
}}</ref>
{{anchor|free liturgically}}
With the foundation of the [[ancient universities]] from the late 12th century, grammar schools became the entry point to a [[liberal arts]] education, with Latin seen as the foundation of the [[trivium (education)|trivium]]. Pupils were usually educated in grammar schools up to the age of 14, after which they would look to universities and the church for further study. Of the three first schools independent of the church – [[Winchester College]] (1382), [[Oswestry School]] (1407) and [[Eton College]] (1440) – Winchester and Eton were feeder schools to Oxford and Cambridge universities respectively. There is a mention of a grammar school at [[Shrewsbury School|Shrewsbury]] in a court case of 1439.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Everyday life in Tudor Shrewsbury {{!}} WorldCat.org |url=https://search.worldcat.org/title/32893450 |access-date=2025-02-25 |website=search.worldcat.org |language=en}}</ref> They were [[boarding school]]s, so they could educate pupils from anywhere in the nation.<ref name="Spens Report" /><ref>{{cite book
| chapter    = Chapter XV. English and Scottish Education. Universities and Public Schools to the Time of Colet
| author     = Rev. T.A. Walker
| series     = The Cambridge History of English and American Literature in 18 Volumes
| title      = Volume II: English. The End of the Middle Ages
| editor     = A. W. Ward |editor2=A. R. Waller
| year       = 1907–1921
| chapter-url = http://www.bartleby.com/212/
| access-date = 15 April 2010
}}</ref>