Editing Grinding machine (section)

==Types==
[[File:SurfaceGrinder-Proth-insetMagChuck.jpg|thumb|A surface grinder.]]
[[File:Cylindrical grinder, Landis, photo 291.png|thumb|A cylindrical grinder.]]
These machines include the:

* [[Belt grinding|Belt grinder]], which is usually used as a machining method to process metals and other materials, with the aid of coated abrasives. Analogous to a [[belt sander]] (which itself is often used for wood but sometimes metal). Belt grinding is a versatile process suitable for all kind of applications, including finishing, deburring, and [[stock removal]].
* [[Bench grinder]], which usually has two wheels of different grain sizes for roughing and finishing operations and is secured to a workbench or floor stand. Its uses include shaping tool bits or various tools that need to be made or repaired. Bench grinders are manually operated.
* [[Cylindrical grinder]], which includes both the types that use [[lathe center|centers]] and the [[centerless grinding|centerless]] types.  A cylindrical grinder may have multiple grinding wheels. The work piece is rotated and fed past the wheel(s) to form a cylinder. It is used to make precision rods, tubes, bearing races, bushings, and many other parts.
* [[Surface grinding|Surface grinder]], which has a head that is lowered to a work piece, which is moved back and forth under the grinding wheel on a table that typically has a controllable permanent magnet (magnetic [[chuck (engineering)|chuck]]) for use with magnetic stock (especially [[ferrous]] stock) but can have a vacuum chuck or other fixture means. The most common surface grinders have a grinding wheel rotating on a horizontal axis, cutting around the circumference of the grinding wheel. Rotary surface grinders, commonly known as "Blanchard" style grinders, have a grinding head that rotates the grinding wheel on a vertical axis cutting on the end face of the grinding wheel, while a table rotates the work piece in the opposite direction underneath. This type of machine removes large amounts of material and grinds flat surfaces with noted spiral grind marks. It can also be used to make and sharpen metal stamping die sets, flat shear blades, fixture bases or any flat and parallel surfaces. Surface grinders can be manually operated or have CNC controls.
* [[Tool and cutter grinder]], which usually can perform the minor function of the [[drill bit]] grinder or other specialist [[toolroom]] grinding operations.
* [[Jig grinder]], which as the name implies, has a variety of uses when finishing [[jig (tool)|jigs]], [[die (manufacturing)|dies]], and [[fixture (tool)|fixtures]].  Its primary function is in the realm of grinding holes for [[drill bushing]]s and grinding pins.  It can also be used for complex surface grinding to finish work started on a mill.
* [[Gear cutting#Grinding|Gear grinder]], which is usually employed as the final machining process when manufacturing a high-precision gear. The primary function of these machines is to remove the remaining few thousandths of an inch of material left by other manufacturing methods (such as gashing or hobbing).
[[File:Henninger Zentrumschleifmaschine ZS102.jpg|thumb|Centre Grinding Machine]]
* [[Centre grinder]], which is usually employed as a machining process when manufacturing all kinds of high-precision [[Shaft (mechanical engineering)|shafts]]. The primary function of these machines is to grind the centers of a shaft very precisely. Accurate round center holes on both sides ensure a position with high repeat accuracy on the [[Live center|live centers]].
* [[Die grinder]], which is a high-speed hand-held rotary tool with a small diameter grinding bit. They are typically air-driven (using compressed air), but can be driven with a small electric motor directly or via a flexible shaft.
*[[Angle grinder]], another handheld power tool, often used in [[metal fabrication|fabrication]] and [[construction]] work.
* '''Internal grinder''', which is used for grinding internal surfaces of workpieces, boron carbide wheels are effective when dealing with extremely hard materials that need high levels of precision.<ref>{{cite web |date=April 12, 2024 |title=Boron Carbide: Key Properties & Applications |url=https://www.preciseceramic.com/blog/boron-carbide-key-properties-applications.html |access-date=October 1, 2024 |website=Advanced Ceramic Materials}}</ref><ref>{{cite patent |country=CN |number=103770027A |status=patent}}</ref>