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==Video and audio coding== {{Unreferenced section|date=August 2024}} HDV video and audio are encoded in digital form, using lossy [[inter frame]] compression. Video is encoded with the [[H.262/MPEG-2 Part 2]] compression scheme, using 8-bit chroma and luma samples with 4:2:0 [[chroma subsampling]]. Stereo audio is encoded with the [[MPEG-1 Layer 2]] compression scheme. The compressed audio and video are [[Multiplexing|multiplexed]] into an [[MPEG transport stream|MPEG-2 transport stream]], which is typically recorded onto magnetic tape, but can also be stored in a [[computer file]]. The data rate for both the audio and video is constant and is roughly the same as DV data rate. The relatively low video data rate can cause ''bit rate starvation'' in scenes that have much fine detail, rapid movement or other complex activity like flashing lights, and may result in visible [[Compression artifact|artifacts]], such as [[Macroblock#Macroblocking|blockiness]] and blurring. In contrast to the video, HDV audio bitrate is relatively generous. At the coded bitrate of 384 kbit/s, MPEG-1 Layer 2 audio is regarded as ''perceptually lossless''.
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