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HRL Laboratories
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==Notable accomplishments== *The first working model of the [[laser]] was created at Hughes Research Laboratories in 1960 by [[Theodore Harold Maiman|Theodore Maiman]] (1927β2007). *HRL began research on [[atomic clocks]] in 1959. In the late 1970s they produced experimental maser oscillators for NRL, which eventually led to space-based [[GPS]] atomic clocks. *HRL began research on ion propulsion in 1960.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://science1.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/1999/prop06apr99_2/ |publisher=NASA |title=Ion Propulsion β Over 50 Years in the Making |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140131150908/http://science1.nasa.gov/science-news/science-at-nasa/1999/prop06apr99_2/ |archive-date=2014-01-31}}</ref> This research led to the Hughes developed xenon [[ion propulsion]] system (XIPS. XIPS was used as the primary propulsion system on [[NASA]]'s [[Deep Space 1]] (launched in 1998). It is a standard option for primary stationkeeping on the Hughes/Boeing [[601HP]] (first use: [[Intelsat 5|PAS-5]], 1997) and the 702 (first use: [[Galaxy-XI]], 1999) geostationary satellite families. *HRL claims to have developed the liquid crystal wristwatch in 1975. *HRL's SyNAPSE neuromorphic chip is the first chip to learn like the brain by altering synapses (listed as one of MIT Tech Review top ten breakthrough technologies) (2010s). *Developed world's largest most biologically accurate, integrated computational model of 9 brain systems explaining [[cognitive bias]]es (2010s). *CNN Top Ten DARPA Technologies ([[Cognitive Technology Threat Warning System]]), the world's first "cognitive-neural" binocular threat-detection technology (2010s). *Developed "MagicNet", a pattern matching method using time-delay neural networks that is two times faster than deterministic finite automata for exact pattern matching<ref name=hh2014>{{cite journal |author=H. Hoffmann, M. D. Howard, and M. J. Daily |year=2011 |title=Fast pattern matching with time-delay neural networks |journal=International Joint Conference on Neural Networks}}</ref> (2011). *Designed and built reconfigurable spatially immersive display system (1990s). *First hybrid satellite-wireless ad hoc network (1990s). *First stabilized outdoor augmented reality system (1990s). *HRL developed the [[metallic microlattice]], the lightest material, in 2011.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Ultralight Metallic Microlattices |author1=TA Schaedler |author2=A. J. Jacobsen |author3=A. Torrents |author4=A. E. Sorensen |author5=J. Lian |author6=J. R. Greer |author7=L. Valdevit |author8=W. B. Carter |journal=Science |date=18 November 2011 |volume=334 |number=6058 |pages=962β965 |doi=10.1126/science.1211649 |pmid=22096194 |bibcode=2011Sci...334..962S |s2cid=23893516}}</ref> *Demonstrated singlet-triplet oscillations in a silicon quantum double dot<ref name=maune2012>{{cite journal |author=B. M. Maune, M. G. Borselli, B. Huang, T. D. Ladd, P. W. Deelman, K. S. Holabird, A. A. Kiselev, I. Alvarado-Rodriguez, R. S. Ross, A. E. Schmitz, M. Sokolich, C. A. Watson, M. F. Gyure, and A. T. Hunter |title=Coherent singlet-triplet oscillations in a silicon-based double quantum dot |journal=Nature |volume=481 |pages=344β347 |date=19 January 2012 |issue=7381 |doi=10.1038/nature10707 |pmid=22258613 |bibcode=2012Natur.481..344M |s2cid=4385331}}</ref> (2012).
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