Editing Hafele–Keating experiment (section)

===Kinematic time dilation===
According to [[special relativity]], the rate of a clock is greatest according to an observer who is at rest with respect to the clock. In a frame of reference in which the clock is not at rest, the clock runs more slowly, as expressed by the [[Lorentz factor]]. This effect, called [[time dilation]], has been confirmed in many [[tests of special relativity]], such as the [[Ives–Stilwell experiment]] and [[experimental testing of time dilation|others]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Astrophysical Formulae: Space, Time, Matter and Cosmology |edition=3rd, illustrated |first1=Kenneth |last1=Lang |publisher=Springer |year=2013 |isbn=978-3-662-21639-2 |page=152 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nq_1CAAAQBAJ}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=Nq_1CAAAQBAJ&pg=PA152 Extract of page 152]</ref> Considering the Hafele–Keating experiment in a frame of reference at rest with respect to the center of the Earth (because this is an inertial frame<ref>{{cite book |title=Relativity in Rotating Frames: Relativistic Physics in Rotating Reference Frames |edition=illustrated |first1=Guido |last1=Rizzi |first2=Matteo Luca |last2=Ruggiero |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |year=2003 |isbn=978-1-4020-1805-3 |page=25 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH7jEf48KjgC}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=DH7jEf48KjgC&pg=PA25 Extract of page 25]</ref>), a clock aboard the plane moving eastward, in the direction of the Earth's rotation, had a greater velocity (resulting in a relative time loss) than one that remained on the ground, while a clock aboard the plane moving westward, against the Earth's rotation, had a lower velocity than one on the ground.<ref name="donkoks">{{cite book |title=Explorations in Mathematical Physics: The Concepts Behind an Elegant Language |edition=illustrated |first1=Don |last1=Koks |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-387-30943-9 |page=500 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ytTFazXPy6oC}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=ytTFazXPy6oC&pg=PA500 Extract of page 500]</ref>