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Hare coursing
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===Formal coursing=== [[File:J F Sartorius - Coursing at Hatfield.jpg|thumb|left|''Coursing at Hatfield'', an engraving by [[John Francis Sartorius]], depicts [[Emily Cecil, Marchioness of Salisbury]] riding side-saddle.]] The competitive version of hare coursing was given definitive form<ref>see page 246 Turbervile "A short observation ... concerning coursing" https://archive.org/details/turbervilesbooke00turb</ref> when the first complete set of English rules, known as the ''Laws of the Leash'', was drawn up in the reign of [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth I]] reputedly by [[Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk]],<ref name="Martin">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NWu6sLJn7-kC|title=Encyclopedia of Traditional British Rural Sports|author=Martin, J.|year=2005|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-0-415-35224-6|pages=78β79}}</ref> providing for a pursuit of no more than two hounds, a headstart termed "Law" to be given to the hare for a fair run, and for the manner of awarding points on "Speed", "Go-bye", "Turn", "Wrench", "Kill" and "Trip", to judge the dogs' performance.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/haremacp00macp|author=Watson, A.|year=1896|title=The Hare|pages=142β164|access-date=2009-04-12|publisher=London; New York : Longmans, Green}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.sympatico.ca/afghaned/origcrse.html|title=Original British Coursing Rules|author=Duke of Norfolk|publisher=Nachtmusik Afghans|access-date=2008-02-11|archive-date=2007-04-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070410154114/http://www3.sympatico.ca/afghaned/origcrse.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The first modern coursing club was established at [[Swaffham]] in 1776,<ref name = "Martin"/> and the [[National Coursing Club]] was founded to regulate the sport in 1858.<ref name="NCC1"/><ref name="Holt">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vtChCoG6veMC|title=Sport and the British: A Modern History|author=Holt, R.|year=1989|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=60|isbn=978-0-19-285229-8|access-date=2020-06-05|archive-date=2021-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020000931/https://books.google.com/books?id=vtChCoG6veMC|url-status=live}}</ref> From 1876 coursing meets were held at [[Plumpton, East Sussex]] and this name was used for such events in Australia.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/143000018/15084863 |title=02 Jun 1877 β COURSING NOTES FROM ENGLAND. β Trove<!-- Bot generated title --> |newspaper=Australasian |date=2 June 1877 |access-date=15 July 2016 |archive-date=22 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822122544/http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/143000018/15084863 |url-status=live }}</ref> During the 19th century, coursing crossed the class divide,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D_eBJgwhNL8C|title=Leisure and Recreation in a Victorian Mining Community: The Social Economy|last=Metcalfe|first=Alan|publisher=Routledge|year=2005|access-date=2008-08-06|page=69|isbn=978-0-415-35697-8|archive-date=2021-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020000931/https://books.google.com/books?id=D_eBJgwhNL8C|url-status=live}}</ref> and reached its peak of popularity, with more than 150 coursing clubs in Britain,<ref name="Martin"/> some attracting up to 80,000 people.<ref name="NCC1"/> By the late 19th century, hare coursing had become a predominantly [[working class]] sport.<ref>{{Cite journal|journal=Rural History|year=2006|volume=17|issue=2|title=Putting Animals into Politics: The Labour Party and Hunting in the First Half of the Twentieth Century|author=Tichelar, M.|pages=213β234|doi=10.1017/S0956793306001889|s2cid=145439733}}</ref> Coursing declined during the 20th century, notably due to the development of urban [[greyhound racing]] in the 1920s<ref name="NCC1"/><ref>{{cite book|title=Gambling and Problem Gambling in Britain|access-date=2008-06-21|page=4|author1=Orford, J.|author2=Sproston, K.|author3=Erens, B.|author4=White, C.|author5=Mitchell, L.|publisher=Psychology Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0WOh5Ep4pwC|year=2003|isbn=978-1-58391-923-1|archive-date=2021-10-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020000945/https://books.google.com/books?id=A0WOh5Ep4pwC|url-status=live}}</ref> and there were fewer than 30 coursing clubs in the UK by 2000.<ref name="NCC1"/>
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