Editing History of the ancient Levant (section)

===Paleolithic===
Anatomically modern [[Homo sapiens]] are demonstrated at the area of [[Mount Carmel]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1393/|title=Sites of Human Evolution at Mount Carmel: The Nahal Me'arot / Wadi el-Mughara Caves|website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190717141629/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1393/|archive-date=2019-07-17|url-status=live|access-date=2019-08-06}}</ref> in Canaan during the [[Middle Paleolithic]] dating from {{circa|90,000&nbsp;BC|lk=on}}. These migrants [[Recent African origin of modern humans|out of Africa]] seem to have been unsuccessful,<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Beyin|first=Amanuel|date=2011|title=Upper Pleistocene Human Dispersals out of Africa: A Review of the Current State of the Debate|journal=International Journal of Evolutionary Biology|language=en|volume=2011|pages=615094|doi=10.4061/2011/615094|issn=2090-052X|pmc=3119552|pmid=21716744 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and by {{circa|60,000&nbsp;BC}} in the Levant, [[Neanderthal]] groups seem to have benefited from the worsening climate and replaced Homo sapiens, who were possibly confined once more to Africa.<ref name=amud>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9007286/Amud|title=Amud|encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2007-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011213723/http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9007286/Amud|archive-date=2007-10-11|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0" />

A second move out of Africa is demonstrated by the Boker Tachtit Upper Paleolithic culture, from 52,000 to 50,000&nbsp;BC, with humans at [[Ksar Akil]] XXV level being modern humans.<ref>Marks, Anthony (1983)"Prehistory and Paleoenvironments in the Central Negev, Israel" (Institute for the Study of Earth and Man, Dallas)</ref> This culture bears close resemblance to the Badoshan Aurignacian culture of Iran, and the later [[Sebilian]] I Egyptian culture of {{circa|50,000&nbsp;BC}}. [[Stephen Oppenheimer]]<ref>Oppemheiomer, Stephen (2004), "Out of Eden", (Constable and Robinson)</ref> suggests that this reflects a movement of modern human groups back into North Africa, at this time.

It would appear this sets the date by which Homo sapiens Upper Paleolithic cultures begin replacing Neanderthal [[Levallois-Perret|Levalo]]-[[Mousterian]], and by {{circa|40,000&nbsp;BC}} the region was occupied by the [[Levantine Aurignacian|Levanto-Aurignacian]] [[Ahmarian culture]], lasting from 39,000 to 24,000&nbsp;BC.<ref>Gladfelter, Bruce G. (1997) "The Ahmarian tradition of the Levantine Upper Paleolithic: the environment of the archaeology" (Vol 12, 4 ''Geoarchaeology'')</ref> This culture was quite successful spreading as the [[Antelian culture]] (late Aurignacian), as far as Southern Anatolia, with the Atlitan culture.