Editing Homeostasis (section)

==History==
The concept of the regulation of the internal environment was described by French physiologist [[Claude Bernard]] in 1849, and the word ''homeostasis'' was coined by [[Walter Bradford Cannon]] in 1926.<ref name=wotb>{{cite book |first=W.B. |last=Cannon |author-link=Walter Bradford Cannon |title=The Wisdom of the Body |pages=177–201 |year=1932 |publisher=W. W. Norton |location=New York}}</ref><ref name=cannon>{{cite book |language=fr |first=W. B. |last=Cannon |author-link=Walter Bradford Cannon |chapter=Physiological regulation of normal states: some tentative postulates concerning biological homeostatics |editor=A. Pettit|title=A Charles Riches amis, ses collègues, ses élèves |page=91 |publisher=Paris: Les Éditions Médicales |year=1926}}</ref> In 1932, [[Joseph Barcroft]], a British physiologist, was the first to say that higher [[brain]] function required the most stable internal environment. Thus, to Barcroft homeostasis was not only organized by the brain—homeostasis served the brain.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Smith|first=Gerard P.|date=2008|title=Unacknowledged contributions of Pavlov and Barcroft to Cannon's theory of homeostasis|journal=Appetite|language=en|volume=51|issue=3|pages=428–432|doi=10.1016/j.appet.2008.07.003|pmid=18675307|s2cid=43088475}}</ref> Homeostasis is an almost exclusively biological term, referring to the concepts described by Bernard and Cannon, concerning the constancy of the internal environment in which the cells of the body live and survive.<ref name=wotb /><ref name=cannon /><ref name="zorea">{{Cite book|title=Steroids (Health and Medical Issues Today)|last=Zorea|first=Aharon|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=2014|isbn=978-1-4408-0299-7|location=Westport, CT|pages=10}}</ref> The term [[cybernetics]] is applied to technological [[control system]]s such as [[thermostat]]s, which function as homeostatic mechanisms but are often defined much more broadly than the biological term of homeostasis.<ref name=Marieb>{{cite book |vauthors = Marieb EN, Hoehn KN |title=Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology |edition= 9th |year=2009 |publisher=Pearson/Benjamin Cummings |location=San Francisco |isbn=978-0-321-51342-7}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Riggs |first1=D.S. |title=Control theory and physiological feedback mechanisms. |location=Baltimore |publisher=Williams & Wilkins |date=1970 }}</ref><ref name="Hall">{{cite book|last1=Hall|first1=John|title=Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology|date=2011|publisher=Saunders/bich er|location=Philadelphia, Pa.|isbn=978-1-4160-4574-8|pages=4–9|edition= 12th}}</ref><ref name=milsum>{{cite book |last1=Milsum |first1=J.H. |title=Biological control systems analysis.| location=New York |publisher=McGraw-Hill |date=1966 }}</ref>