Editing Human resource management (section)

===Precedent theoretical developments===
The human resources field began to take shape in 19th century Europe. It is built on a simple idea by [[Robert Owen]] (1771–1858) and [[Charles Babbage]] (1791–1871) during the [[Industrial Revolution]]. These men concluded that people were crucial to the success of an [[organization]]. They expressed the thought that well-being of employees led to perfect work; without healthy workers, the organization would not survive.<ref>{{cite book |last= Griffin |first= Ricky |title= Principles of Management}}</ref>{{request quotation|date=October 2017}}

HR emerged as a specific field in the early 20th century, influenced by [[Frederick Winslow Taylor]] (1856–1915). Taylor explored what he termed "[[scientific management]]" (sometimes referred to as "Taylorism"), striving to improve economic efficiency in manufacturing jobs. He eventually focused on one of the principal inputs into the manufacturing process—labor—sparking inquiry into workforce productivity.<ref>{{cite book |last = Merkle |first = Judith A. |title = Management and Ideology |url = https://archive.org/details/managementideolo0000merk |url-access = registration |page = [https://archive.org/details/managementideolo0000merk/page/1 1] |publisher = University of California Press |isbn = 978-0-520-03737-3|date = 1980-01-01 }}
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Meanwhile, in London C S Myers inspired by unexpected problems among soldiers who alarmed generals and politicians. During First World War 1914–1918, co-founded the National Institute of Industrial Psychology (NIIP) in 1921.<ref>Mark O'Sullivan, 2014, ''What Works at Work'', The Starbank Press, Bath, page 3.</ref> He set seeds for the [[human relations movement]], this movement, on both sides of the Atlantic, built on the research of [[Elton Mayo]] (1880–1949) and others to document through the [[Hawthorne studies]] (1924–1932) and other studies how stimuli, unrelated to financial compensation and working conditions, could yield more productive workers.<ref>{{cite web
|url= http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/30802428/1886432542/name/elton+mayo+%2B+studiu+de+caz.pdf
|title= Hawthorne and the Western Electric Company
|last= Mayo
|first= Elton
|year= 1945
|publisher= Harvard Business School
|access-date= 28 December 2011
|archive-date= 6 January 2012
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120106052538/http://xa.yimg.com/kq/groups/30802428/1886432542/name/elton+mayo+++studiu+de+caz.pdf
|url-status= dead
}}</ref>
Work by [[Abraham Maslow]] (1908–1970), [[Kurt Lewin]] (1890–1947), [[Max Weber]] (1864–1920), [[Frederick Herzberg]] (1923–2000), and [[David McClelland]] (1917–1998), forming the basis for studies in [[industrial and organizational psychology]], [[organizational behavior]] and [[organizational theory]], was interpreted{{by whom|date=October 2017}} in such a way as to further claims{{when|date=October 2017}} of legitimacy for an applied discipline.