Editing INSEE code (section)

== National identification numbers ==
Each [[French people|French]] person receives at birth a [[national identification number]], the "numéro d'inscription au répertoire" (NIR or National Repertory registration), also called a "numéro de sécurité sociale" (or Social Security number). This INSEE number is composed of 13 digits + a two-digit key. Although the total number is of 15 digits, its composition makes it easy for individuals to remember at least the first seven digits (they just have to know their sex, year and month of birth, and department of birth).

Their format is as follows: ''syymmlloookkk cc'',<ref name=":0">{{cite web |url=http://resoo.org/docs/_docs/regles-numero-insee.pdf |title=Normalisation du numero INSEE des personnes physiques |access-date=2015-05-13 |archive-date=2016-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918212641/http://resoo.org/docs/_docs/regles-numero-insee.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> where
* ''s'' is 1 for a male, 2 for a female,
* ''yy'' are the last two digits of the year of birth,
* ''mm'' is the month of birth, usually 01 to 12 (but there are special values for persons whose exact date of birth is not known),
* ''ll'' is the number of the [[Departments of France|department]] of origin : 2 digits, or 1 digit and 1 letter in metropolitan France, 3 digits for overseas.
* ''ooo'' is the [[French commune|commune]] of origin (a department is composed of various communes) : 3 digits in metropolitan France or 2 digits for overseas.
* ''kkk'' is an order number to distinguish people being born at the same place in the same year and month. This number is the one given by the ''Acte de naissance'', an official paper which officialize a birth (and is needed throughout life for various administrative procedures, such as getting an [[identity card]]).
* 'cc' is the "control key", 01 to 97, equal to 97-(the rest of the number [[modular arithmetic|modulo]] 97).<br />There are exceptions for people in particular situations.<ref name=":0"/>
The "sex" codes (''s'': 1 for male, 2 for female) can be given in special occasions for temporary registrations, such as for someone who a person who works as a wage-earner but is not registered for miscellaneous reasons. The sex code can be changed if someone underwent [[gender reassignment]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-16 |title=Changement de numéro de sécurité sociale |url=https://wikitrans.co/2019/12/16/changement-de-numero-de-securite-sociale/ |access-date=2022-05-28 |website=Wiki Trans |language=fr-FR}}</ref>  Under [[Vichy France]], but only in [[French rule in Algeria|Algeria]] (not in [[metropolitan France]]) this ''s'' code was also used to register Jews, Algerian Muslims, [[alien (law)|foreigners]], or ill-defined people. Thus, 3 or 4 was given to Muslim people of Algeria and of all [[French colonies|colonies]]; 5 or 6 for indigenous Jews; 7 or 8 for foreigners; 9 or 0 for miscellaneous and ill-defined status (people in none of these classes).{{cn|date=April 2022}}

The part ''llooo'' is used together, referred to as the '''COG''', which identifies the person's location of birth.<ref name=":0"/>

They are also specific codes for people whose date or place of birth is unknown, although this is today more and more rare (for example, the birth code is greater than 20 if the month of birth is unknown, and the communal code is 990 if the commune of origin is unknown). For [[French overseas departments and territories|overseas departments]], the department number has three digits, and the communal number two digits (since 1950). People born abroad have a departmental code of 99, and the communal code is replaced by the code of the country of birth, which has three digits. Before 1964, departmental codes from 91 to 96 were used for Algeria, [[Tunisia]] and [[Morocco]].

If in a specified month the total number of births exceeds 999, an extension common code is created.

The last code is obtained by a mathematical method (dividing by 97 the number formed by the first 13 digits, taking the remainder from this division, and then the "complement to 97", that is the difference between 97 and this remainder): this gives the control key code.