Editing Incheon (section)

===Modern history===
[[File:Chemulpo (Incheon), 1890.jpg|thumb|left|270px|Jemulpo in 1890]]
Another historical name of the city, '''Jemulpo''' (alternatively Romanized as '''Chemulpo'''), was not widely used until the opening of the port in 1883. It was frequently used until the Japanese annexation.<ref>[http://english.incheon.go.kr/ Incheon Metropolitan City] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060107015749/http://english.incheon.go.kr/ |date=7 January 2006 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Ewing |first=Stefan |url=http://koreaweb.ws/pipermail/koreanstudies_koreaweb.ws/2006-January/005354.html |title=By Train from Seoul to Incheon – and Jemulpo, too |publisher=Korea Web |date=25 January 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928035926/http://koreaweb.ws/pipermail/koreanstudies_koreaweb.ws/2006-January/005354.html |archive-date=28 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> After the opening of the Incheon port, the city center moved from Gwangyo to Jemulpo. Today, either Jemulpo or Gwangyo-dong is considered "Original Incheon" ({{lang|ko|원인천}}). It was internationally known as '''Jinsen''' during [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese rule]], based on the Japanese pronunciation of Incheon's Sino-Korean name.

In 1914, the Japanese colonial government merged outer parts of old Incheon (including the former center of Gwangyo) with [[Bupyeong District|Bupyeong]] County, forming [[Bucheon]] County.<ref>{{Cite web|title=GAMEON'ASIA 2015, March 25–27, 2015, Ghent University, Incheon, South-Korea, Conference Venue {{!}} EUROSIS|url=https://www.eurosis.org/cms/index.php?q=node/2980|access-date=2021-07-08|website=www.eurosis.org|archive-date=24 March 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220324001430/https://www.eurosis.org/cms/index.php?q=node%2F2980|url-status=live}}</ref> Between 1936 and 1940, some part of Bucheon County was recombined into Incheon, by which some part of "old" Bupyeong was annexed into Incheon.

Incheon was originally part of [[Gyeonggi Province]], but was granted ''Directly Governed'' (now Metropolitan) City status on 1 July 1981; the city officially separated from the province. In 1989, neighboring islands and Gyeyang township of Gimpo County{{efn|Prior to 1973, the township belonged to Bucheon or old Bupyeong.}} were ceded to Incheon and in 1995 Geomdan township of Gimpo County and two counties of Ganghwa and Onjin were annexed to Incheon.{{citation needed|date=March 2022}}

Incheon was known as '''Inchon''' prior to South Korea's adoption of a [[Revised Romanization of Korean|new Romanization system]] in 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Herald |first=Korea |date=2022-03-02 |title=[Lee Kyong-hee] Romanization of Korean &ndash; alphabet buffet |url=https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20220302000147 |access-date=2024-03-18 |website=[[The Korea Herald]] |language=en |archive-date=18 March 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240318133631/https://www.koreaherald.com/view.php?ud=20220302000147 |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:City attacked with tear gas 1987-05-10.png|left|thumb|Juan-dong, Incheon attacked with tear gas in May 1987]]