Editing Jaguar XJS (section)

==HE (1981–1991) ==
{{Infobox automobile
| name = XJ-S H.E., 3.6, XJ-SC
| image = 1985 Jaguar XJS (15360044760).jpg
| production = 1981–1991 <br> 73,207 built
| body_style = {{ubl
|2-door [[coupé]]
|2-door targa [[convertible (car)|convertible]] (1983–88, V12 from 1985)
|2-door full [[convertible (car)|convertible]] (from 1988)
}}
| engine = {{ubl
|3.6&nbsp;L [[Jaguar AJ6 engine|''AJ6'']] [[Straight-six engine|I6]] 
|5.3&nbsp;L [[Jaguar V12 engine#5.3 Litre HE|'' HE'']] [[V12 engine|V12]]
}}
| transmission = {{ubl
|5-speed ''[[Getrag]] 265'' [[Manual transmission|manual]] (3.6 only)
|4-speed ''[[ZF Friedrichshafen|ZF]]'' [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]
|3-speed [[Turbo-Hydramatic|''GM TH400'']] automatic (V12)
}}
| wheelbase = {{convert|102.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| length = {{convert|191.7|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| width = {{convert|70.6|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
| height = {{convert|47.8|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}
}}

From July 1981, the XJ-S was renamed the XJ-S HE and received the new [[Jaguar V12 engine#5.3 Litre HE|High-Efficiency V12 engine]] for much better fuel economy. A positive side effect of the more efficient "Fire Ball" combustion chamber designed by Swiss Engineer Michael May was that power output was increased to {{cvt|295|hp|kW PS|0}} or {{cvt|263|hp|kW|0}} in North America.<ref>''Automobil Revue'', catalogue 1982, p. 346.</ref> At the same time, the XJ-S HE received changes to its exterior and interior: there was body-coloured boot trim in place of the standard previous black, new five-spoke "Starfish" alloy wheels fitted with 215/70R15 Pirelli Cinturato P5 tyres, chrome inserts on the upper part of the bumpers, and [[Wikt:burl|burled]] [[elm]] inserts on dashboard and door cappings.

===Six-cylinder and convertible models===

In 1983, the new 3.6-litre [[Jaguar AJ6 engine|Jaguar AJ6 straight-six engine]] was introduced along with a new convertible model called the '''XJ-SC'''. The coupé's rather small rear seats were removed in order to make space for the removable soft top, making it a strict two-seater car. The XJ-SC was not a full convertible but was a [[Convertible (car)#variations|fixed profile variant]] with a non-removable centre targa-type structure, fixed cant rails above the doors, and fixed rear quarter windows. The six-cylinder cars can be identified by a raised bonnet centre section.

Between 1983 and 1987, the six-cylinder-engined cars were only available with a five-speed manual transmission (Getrag 265), with a four-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22) offered from 1987 onwards (along with improved fuel injection as used on the [[Jaguar XJ40|XJ40]]). The V12 models continued to use the stronger [[Turbo-Hydramatic|Turbo-Hydramatic 400]] transmission. The earlier manual models were not imported by Jaguar into the United States, which had to wait until the facelift manual 4-litre XJS coupé and convertible became available. A V12 powered XJ-SC was introduced in 1985.

The two-seat XJ-SC targa-type model, never a great success in the marketplace, was replaced by a two-seat full [[Convertible (car)|convertible]] in 1988 which proved to be a great hit.

<gallery widths="200" heights="135">
Jaguar XJS V12 5343cc September 1990, rear three quarters.jpg|Rear view (V12 HE)
1986 Jaguar XJ-SC V12 (US).jpg|1986 Jaguar XJ-SC targa convertible (US spec)
Jaguar (9476620848).jpg|Pre-facelift XJ-S (full) convertible (US spec)
1988 Jaguar XJS Convertible (22095074342).jpg|Interior (convertible)
Jaguar XJ-S rear seats.jpg|Rear seats of a 1982 XJ-S HE coupé, showing the 2+2 seating layout
</gallery>

'''XJ-SC'''

The first XJ-SC was produced on June 28, 1982, the last January 26, 1988.  In all 5013 XJ-SC Cabriolets were built.  These cars were different in that they had a Targa/Convertible body style with removable Targa panels over the two seater passenger compartment, similar to T-tops, plus a fabric rear section including the rear window; there was an optional hard top for the rear section.  Approximately 1598 Right Hand Drive and 3416 Left Hand Drive cars built. Whilst there are a small number of the XJ-SC cars with the rear seat conversion, Jaguar Cars only ever produced one such car which was specially built for Princess Diana.{{citation needed|date=December 2023}} The rear roof section on this car was fully secured in place and could not be removed. This conversion was later carried out by several aftermarket companies on owners cars, not with the approval of the works.

===Hess & Eisenhardt convertible===
From 1986, a full convertible version was available through some dealers, modified by Hess & Eisenhardt in the USA. The Hess & Eisenhardt coachbuilding firm was located in Ohio, USA, and built convertible modifications for the XJ-S under contract from Jaguar, before the official Jaguar-built XJ-S full convertible became available in 1988.

The Hess & Eisenhardt convertible differed from the later Jaguar-built XJS convertible as its un-padded top folded down deeper into the body structure of the car resulting in a cleaner rear profile when the roof was lowered. To accommodate this design element, the Hess & Eisenhardt convertibles have two separate fuel tanks, positioned to allow for the roof to fully retract. The process of converting the stock Jaguar XJS coupé into the H&E Convertible included the post-production removal of the roof, cutting the body in several sections, the addition of steel reinforcements behind the driver's seat, and {{convert|20|lb|kg|abbr=on|order=flip}} weights placed just behind the headlights to eliminate harmonic resonance caused by the significant modifications to the car. H&E XJS convertibles are easily identified by the lower folding top, as well as two small badges located just behind the front wheels. The later Jaguar full convertible had a heavier padded top that did not fold as low as the H&E convertible, but retained nearly all of the original components of the coupé.

The number of H&E Jaguar XJS produced is unknown, partly because a fire at the Hess & Eisenhardt factory destroyed most of the records pertaining to the Jaguar XJS conversions. According to some sources, a total of 2,100 cars were converted.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hemmings.com/blog/article/forlorn-feline-1988-jaguar-xj-s-convertible/|title=Forlorn Feline – 1988 Jaguar XJ-S Convertible|date=August 2013|first=David|last=LaChance|publisher=Hemmings|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref>

===Police demonstrator===
[[File:Jaguar XJ-S 3.6 Police (1983).jpg|thumb|left|The Jaguar XJS Police Special demonstrator at the [[British Motor Museum]], restored in the livery of the [[Metropolitan Police]]]]
In 1984, a Jaguar XJS with a 3.6l engine and manual transmission was converted by Jaguar Special Vehicle Operations into a Police Special demonstrator vehicle, fitted with a police lightbar on the roof, a police radio in the centre console and plastic interior trim including cloth seats to replace luxury furnishings. The Police Special XJS demonstrator was loaned by Jaguar to a number of police forces across the United Kingdom, including the [[Warwickshire Constabulary]], [[Greater Manchester Police]] and the [[Metropolitan Police]], however no orders resulted from the trials due to a lack of interior space for [[traffic police]] equipment or for passengers. After retirement from demonstration services, the XJS was first donated to the Greater Manchester Police Museum before later being handed to the Jaguar Daimler Heritage Trust, with whom it would become an exhibit vehicle at the [[British Motor Museum]] in [[Gaydon]], [[Warwickshire]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Walton |first=Paul |date=21 January 2023 |title=1983 Jaguar XJ-S 3.6 Litre Coupé Police |url=https://drives.today/articles/1285/retro/1983-jaguar-xj-s-3-6-litre-coup-police.html |magazine=Drives Today |access-date=18 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Anstead |first=Ant |author-link=Ant Anstead |title=Cops and Robbers: The Story of the British Police Car |date=2018 |publisher=HarperCollins |location=London |isbn=978-0-00-824451-4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eDTuAQAACAAJ |pages=311–313 |access-date=18 October 2023}}</ref>

===XJR-S===
[[File:1993 Jaguar XJR-S in Flamenco Red, front right2.jpg|thumb|1993 JaguarSport XJR-S]]
[[File:1993 Jaguar XJR-S in Flamenco Red, rear right side.jpg|thumb|1993 JaguarSport XJR-S rear]]
From 1988 to 1993, a special high performance XJR-S version equipped with the {{convert|5344|cc|L|1|order=flip}} [[Jaguar V12 engine#5.3-litre HE|HE V12 engine]] was produced by the newly formed JaguarSport, a separate company owned in a ratio of 50:50 by Jaguar and [[Tom Walkinshaw Racing|TWR Group Limited]] specialising in developing high performance Jaguar sports cars. The car had a distinctive [[body kit]], special 15" alloy wheels, 235/60R15 Pirelli P600 tyres, a unique suspension system utilising modified coil springs and Bilstein shocks, a luxurious interior with Connolly Autolux leather along with walnut wood trim, and handling improvements. The first 100 of these cars were named "Celebration Le Mans" to commemorate Jaguar's [[1988 24 Hours of Le Mans|1988 win]] at the [[24 Hours of Le Mans]] and were only sold in the UK. Between 1988 and 1989, a total of 326 XJR-S cars were produced with the {{convert|5344|cc|L|1|order=flip}} engine which has a power output of {{cvt|318|hp|kW|0}}. After September 1989, the displacement of the engine was increased to {{convert|5993|cc|L|1|abbr=on}} and it was now equipped with [[Zytek]] fuel injection and engine management system. This was different from the standard [[Jaguar V12 engine#6.0 Litre HE|6.0-litre engine]] used in the late XJS models and was unique to this model. The power output was raised to {{cvt|333|PS|hp kW|0}} at 5,250 rpm and {{convert|495|Nm|lbft|0|abbr=on}} of torque at 3,650 rpm due to a higher compression ratio of 11.0:1, a new forged steel crankshaft, increased bore and forged alloy pistons. A modified air intake system and a low loss dual exhaust system was also standard on the model. The engine was mated to the 3-speed GM400 automatic transmission utilising a recalibrated valve body and had faster shift times. The car was equipped with 16" Dunlop D40 M2 tyres for better grip. These modifications resulted in a top speed of {{convert|160|mph|kph|abbr=on|order=flip}}. During a comparison test conducted by Motorsport magazine in 1997, the XJR-S outperformed the other competitors which included a [[BMW 8 Series (E31)|BMW 850i]], [[Porsche 928|Porsche 928 GT]] and a [[Ferrari Mondial]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hemmings.com/blog/article/1993-jaguar-xjr-s/|title=1993 Jaguar XJR-S|date=July 2009|first=Craig|last=Fitzgerald|publisher=Hemmings|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/december-1997/96/jaguar-xjrs|title=Jaguar XJRS|date=December 1997|first=Andrew|last=Frankel|publisher=Motorsport Magazine|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref>

A total of 787 [[coupé]]s and 50 convertible cars were built for the world market. In the United States, to commemorate the [[Jaguar XJ220|XJ220]] launch in 1992, a limited number of 100 XJR-S coupés and convertibles were produced. Based on the facelift model, these were for the American market only. These included 22 Signal Red coupés, 22 Signal Red convertibles,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thetruthaboutcars.com/2018/01/rare-rides-1993-jaguar-xjs-actually-xjr-s/|title=Rare Rides: The 1993 Jaguar XJS, Which Is Actually an XJR...S|date=2018-02-01|first=Corey|last=Lewis|publisher=The Truth About Cars|access-date=2019-04-11}}</ref> 22 Jet Black coupés, 27 Jet Black convertibles, 2 Flamenco Red coupés, and the Silver Frost 'Press Cars' of 4 coupés and 1 convertible.{{citation needed|date=April 2019}}

===Daimler===
[[File:Daimler XJS.jpg|thumb|Daimler XJS prototype]]
Jaguar considered a luxury [[Daimler Company|Daimler]] version to be marketed as the ''Daimler-S'', notably without the buttresses and with only a single prototype built in 1986.<ref>{{Harvnb|Long|2004|p=109}}</ref> Paul Banham did produce some custom notch back coupés without buttresses, larger rear side windows, and a narrow C-pillars. In the mid-90s, Banham also made a reworked version called the XJSS based on the XJS.
{{clear}}