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James Surowiecki
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==Career== Surowiecki's writing has appeared in a wide range of publications, including ''[[The New York Times]]'', the ''[[Wall Street Journal]]'', ''[[The Motley Fool]]'', ''[[Foreign Affairs]]'', ''[[Artforum]]'', ''[[Wired magazine|Wired]]'', ''[[MIT Technology Review]]'', and ''[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]]''. Before joining ''The New Yorker'', he wrote “The Bottom Line” column for ''[[New York (magazine)|New York]]'' magazine and was a contributing editor at ''[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]''. He got his start on the Internet when he was hired from graduate school by Motley Fool co-founder [[David Gardner (The Motley Fool)|David Gardner]] to be the Fool's editor-in-chief of its culture site on America Online, entitled "Rogue" (1995–1996). As The Motley Fool closed that site down and focused on finance, Surowiecki made the switch over to become a finance writer, which he did over the succeeding three years, including being assigned to write the Fool's column on ''Slate'' from 1997 to 2000. In 2002, Surowiecki edited an anthology, ''Best Business Crime Writing of the Year'', a collection of articles from different business news sources that chronicle the fall from grace of various [[CEO]]s. In 2004, he published ''[[The Wisdom of Crowds]]'', in which he argued that, in some circumstances, large groups exhibit more intelligence than smaller, more elite groups, and that [[collective intelligence]] shapes business, economies, societies and nations. In an article in the [[Huffington Post]] in November 2013, Internet entrepreneur and researcher [[Neil Seeman]] drew on [[social media]] trends over the time since the publication of ''The Wisdom of Crowds'' to observe that Mr. Surowiecki had written his observations about collective intelligence "prior to the proliferation of [[Facebook]] and [[Twitter]] and 'social filtering'; today, online, we increasingly do not reach any wisdom of any independently-minded crowds. We speak to our friends."<ref>{{cite book |url=http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/neil-seeman/wisdom-of-crowds_b_4297913.html |access-date=November 21, 2013 |title=Don't Mistake 'Likes' on Facebook For Real Social Change |author=Neil Seeman |publisher=Huffington Post |year=2013}}</ref> Surowiecki received wide public attention in April 2025 when he reverse engineered the numbers and figured out the math behind the [[Tariffs in the second Trump administration|tariffs]] that had been announced by the Trump administration on April 2, 2025.<ref>''[https://www.nytimes.com/2025/04/02/business/economy/trump-tariff-rates-calculation.html How Are Trump’s Tariff Rates Calculated?]'', NY Times, April 2, 2025</ref>
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