Editing Japanese dialects (section)

==Mutual intelligibility==
In terms of [[mutual intelligibility]], a survey in 1967 found the four most unintelligible dialects (excluding [[Ryūkyūan languages]] and [[Tohoku dialects]]) to students from Greater Tokyo are the [[Kiso, Nagano (town)|Kiso]] dialect (in the deep mountains of [[Nagano Prefecture]]), the [[Himi, Toyama|Himi]] dialect (in [[Toyama Prefecture]]), the [[Kagoshima dialect]] and the [[Katsuyama, Okayama|Maniwa]] dialect (in the mountains of [[Okayama Prefecture]]).<ref name="Dialect Intelligibility 1967"/> The survey is based on recordings of 12- to 20- second long, of 135 to 244 [[phoneme]]s, which 42 students listened and translated word-by-word. The listeners were all [[Keio University]] students who grew up in the [[Kanto region]].<ref name="Dialect Intelligibility 1967">{{cite journal|title=On Dialect Intelligibility in Japan|first=Joseph K.|last=Yamagiwa|author-link=Joseph K. Yamagiwa|journal=Anthropological Linguistics |date=1967|volume=9|issue=1|pages=4, 5, 18|jstor=30029037}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ style="text-align: left;" | Intelligibility to students from Tokyo and [[Kanto region]] (Date: 1967)<ref name="Dialect Intelligibility 1967"/>
|-
| scope="col" | '''Dialect''' || [[Osaka City]] || [[Kyoto City]] || [[Tatsuta, Aichi]] || [[Kiso, Nagano (town)|Kiso, Nagano]] || [[Himi, Toyama]] || [[Maniwa, Okayama]] || [[Ōgata, Kōchi]] || [[Kanagi, Shimane]] || [[Kumamoto City]] || [[Kagoshima City]]
|-
| scope="col" | '''Percentage''' || 26.4% || 67.1% || 44.5% || 13.3% || 4.1% || 24.7% || 45.5% || 24.8% || 38.6% || 17.6%
|}