Editing Javed Hashmi (section)

==Political career==

=== Early career ===
In 1978, Hashmi was taken in the [[Zia regime|Zia administration]] as the [[Minister of State]] for Youth and Student Affairs, and was the youngest minister at the age of 29.{{rp|460}}<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2014, Allam" /><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=23wlAQAAMAAJ&q=javed+hashmi+fida |title=Current World Leaders |date=1979 |publisher=International Academy at Santa Barbara |language=en |access-date=12 May 2018}}</ref> However, he later expressed his uncomfortableness with working with the [[Pakistan Armed Forces|uniform officials]] and soon departed from the administration where he began practicing law at the [[Lahore High Court]] while filling the role of agriculturist at his family farms.<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2014, Allam" />

===Politics and ministries in Sharif administrations: 1985–1999===
During the [[1985 Pakistani general election|nationwide general elections]] held in 1985, Hashmi returned to the [[Politics in Pakistan|national politics]] and successfully participated for [[Constituency NA-149|NA-149 (Multan-II)]] constituency on the platform of [[Pakistan Muslim League]] (PML).<ref name="Election Commission of Pakistan "/> In 1988, he sided with the [[PML N|conservative faction]] led by its [[President of Pakistan Muslim League (N)|President]] [[Fida Mohammad Khan|Fida Mohammad]] as opposed to [[Pakistan Muslim League (J)|nationalist faction]] led by then-[[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Mohammad Khan Junejo|Mohammad Junejo]].<ref name="Election Commission of Pakistan "/> Hashmi successfully defended his [[Constituency NA-149|NA-149 (Multan-II)]] constituency during the [[Elections in Pakistan|general elections]] held in [[1988 Pakistani general election|1988]] and [[1990 Pakistani general election|1990]].<ref name="Story Of Pakistan, Hashmi bio" /> During this time, Hashmi was elevated as the [[Minister of State]] for Youth Affairs in the [[First Sharif ministry|first administration]] of Prime Minister [[Nawaz Sharif]].<ref name="Story Of Pakistan, Hashmi bio" />

In 1993, his name was subsequently reported in the [[Mehran Bank scandal|financial scandal]] revealed by the [[Federal Investigation Agency]] when the agency interrogated [[Younis Habib]], the accountant with the [[Ministry of Defence (Pakistan)|Ministry of Defence]].<ref name="Story Of Pakistan, Hashmi bio" /> He later expressed his regret and grief when he testified his acceptance of financial endowment from accountant [[Younis Habib]] in 1993.<ref name="Story Of Pakistan, Hashmi bio" /><ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2014, Allam" />

During the [[1997 Pakistani general election|general elections]] held in 1997, Hashmi again defended his [[Constituency NA-149|NA-149 (Multan-II)]] constituency and was elevated as the [[Ministry of National Health Services, Regulation and Coordination|Minister of Health]] and [[Minister for Environment (Pakistan)|Minister for Environment]] in the second administration of Prime Minister [[Nawaz Sharif]], and paid the state visit to [[Morocco]] in 1999.{{rp|51}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Pakistan Foreign Relations|date=1998|publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dKDcXXkh4XcC&q=javed+hashmi+minister+of+health|access-date=12 May 2018|language=en}}</ref> In 1998, he visited [[Switzerland]] to attend the environmental and [[climate change]] conference but immediately return to Pakistan after learning of India's [[Operation Shakti|nuclear tests]] in [[Rajasthan]].{{rp|128}}<ref name="Sager Publication, Hashmi, 2005" /> In an attendance [[National Security Council of Pakistan|NSC meeting]] with [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Nawaz Sharif]], Hashmi became a [[war hawk]] and greatly spoke in favor of decision-making process of authorizing the [[List of nuclear weapons tests of Pakistan|nuclear weapons-testing]], which eventually, Pakistan conducted out [[List of nuclear weapons tests of Pakistan|six nuclear weapons-testing]] in May 1998.{{rp|129}}<ref name="Sager Publication, Hashmi, 2005" /> At the session at the [[Parliament of Pakistan|Parliament]], Hashmi reportedly led a celebration while loudly chairing and tapping from his parliament desk: "Yes! Yes!.... We have done it.!"{{rp|128}}<ref name="Sager Publication, Hashmi, 2005" />

His tenure was abruptly ended when then-[[Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee|Chairman joint chiefs]] General [[Pervez Musharraf]] went onto impose [[1999 Pakistani coup d'état|martial law against Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif]] in 1999, and was appointed as [[President of Pakistan Muslim League (N)|Party President]] of [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)]], which he tenured until 2005.<ref name="pakistanileadersonline, javed" />

=== PML(N)'s presidency, dissenting, and imprisonment: 1999–2008 ===
After the [[1999 Pakistani coup d'état|martial law against Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif]] in 1999, Hashmi became a vocal critic of former [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Pervez Musharraf]] and strongly advocated for the strong [[civilian control of the military]].<ref name="Pakistan Leaders"/> In 2001–04, Hashmi reportedly appealed to the [[Commonwealth of Nations]] and the [[European Union]] to play a significant political role to restore the [[Democracy in Pakistan|civilian control]] of the [[Government of Pakistan|federal government]] in Pakistan.{{rp|194–195}}<ref name="Sager Publication, Hashmi, 2005" /> In 2001, an inquiry against his role in the [[Mehran Bank scandal|Mehrangate scandal]] was opened by the [[National Accountability Bureau]] (NAB) but was unable to produce any substantial evidence against him in the accountability courts.{{rp|2306}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Report Submitted to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives and Committee on Foreign Relations, U.S. Senate by the Department of State in Accordance with Sections 116(d) and 502B(b) of the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961, as Amended|date=2002|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PD4P_wrT864C&q=Javed+Hashmi+|access-date=12 May 2018|language=en}}</ref>

In 2001, Hashmi led the strong conservative demonstration against [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Pervez Musharraf]]'s [[Pakistan's role in the War on Terror|geostrategy]] on the [[War on Terror]] that led to the [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|U.S. invasion]] in [[Afghanistan]].{{rp|contents}}<ref name="Grosvenor House Publishing, Sehri">{{cite book|last1=Sehri|first1=Inam|title=Judges and Generals in Pakistan|date=2013|publisher=Grosvenor House Publishing|isbn=9781781482346|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZgRnAgAAQBAJ&q=Javed+Hashmi+1999&pg=PT164|access-date=12 May 2018|language=en|chapter-format=google books|chapter=Tragedy of Javed Hashmi}}</ref> During this time, [[Chaudhry Shujaat Hussain|Shuja'at Hussain]], the head of the [[PML(Q)]] supporting President Musharraf, made an unsuccessful attempt to recruiting him and [[Nisar Ali Khan]] into his faction to provide political advocacy for President Musharraf in 2002.{{rp|32}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Pakistan Political Perspective|date=2005|publisher=Institute of Policy Studies|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1uGNAAAAMAAJ&q=Javed+Hashmi++Shujaat+Musharraf|access-date=15 May 2018|language=en}}</ref> In 2002, the [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|PML(N)]] announced to participate in the [[2002 Pakistani general election|nationwide general elections]] with Hashmi earning the combined nomination from the [[Alliance for Restoration of Democracy|Opposition alliance]] in the [[Parliament of Pakistan|Parliament]] for the [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Ministership]] against [[Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali|Mir Zafarullah Jamali]] of the [[Pakistan Muslim League (Q)|PML(Q)]]; Hashmi later conceded his defeat in the elections due to [[Electoral College (Pakistan)|counting of the electoral college]].<ref name="Pakistan Leaders"/>

On 20 October 2003, Hashmi reportedly exposed the [[Corruption in Pakistan|ethical and monetary corruption]] in the [[Pakistani military]] when he read the letter signed by several active-duty military officers in the [[GHQ (Pakistan Army)|Army GHQ]] in Rawalpindi.{{rp|192}}<ref name="Sager Publication, Hashmi, 2005" /> He immediately demanded for an active criminal investigations against the [[Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)|chief of army staff]] and criticisized President [[Pervez Musharraf]] for his [[2004 Pakistani presidential election|presidential campaign]] while in the [[Pakistan Army|military uniform]].{{rp|192}}<ref name="Sager Publication, Hashmi, 2005" /><ref name="ECP"/> On 29 October 2003, [[Lieutenant-General|Lt-Gen.]] [[Shahid Aziz]] ordered the [[National Accountability Bureau|NAB agents]] to detained him from the [[Parliament of Pakistan|Parliament Building]], and was later taken in to custody by the [[Pakistan Army Corps of Military Police|Military Police]] on charges of inciting [[mutiny]] leveled by President Pervez Musharraf.<ref name="ECP">{{cite web
  | last =ECP
  | first =Election Commission of Pakistan
  | author-link =Election Commission of Pakistan
  | title =PML(N)- Makhodoon Muhammad Javed Hashmi's profile: Historical Background
  | work =Election Commission of Pakistan
  | date =18 February 2008
  | url =http://www.elections.com.pk/candidatedetails.php?id=1175
  | access-date =9 June 2011
  | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110721201457/http://www.elections.com.pk/candidatedetails.php?id=1175
  | archive-date =21 July 2011
  | url-status =dead
  }}</ref> Hearings of his trials were held in the [[Adiala Jail|Adiala Prison]] and the session court at the [[Lahore High Court]], which raised doubts among human rights groups about its fairness.<ref name="ECP"/> On 12 April 2004, he was sentenced to 23 years in prison for inciting [[mutiny]] in the military, forgery, and [[defamation]].{{rp|contents}}<ref name="Grosvenor House Publishing, Sehri, 2013">{{cite book|last1=Sehri|first1=Inam|title=Judges and Generals in Pakistan|date=2013|publisher=Grosvenor House Publishing|location=Cambridge, UK|isbn=9781781482353|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QQRnAgAAQBAJ&q=javed+hashmi+adiala&pg=PT30|access-date=22 May 2018|language=en}}</ref>

The verdict was widely criticized in Pakistan and was considered as a wilful [[miscarriage of justice]] by the [[Pervez Musharraf|Musharraf administration]], and the [[Alliance for Restoration of Democracy|ARD]] and the [[Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal|MMA]] termed this verdict to be politically motivated by the ruling junta with malicious intent, declaring him to be a [[political prisoner]].<ref name="Election Commission of Pakistan "/> He was transferred and held in the [[Central Jail Lahore]] where he penned and authored a critically acclaimed political book, Haan Mein Baghi Hun! (lit. ''Yes, I am Rebel!'') where he exposed the military's intervention in the politics and the foreign relations with the [[United States]].{{rp|170}}<ref name="Sager Publication, Hashmi, 2005" /> He also authored the Takhtaey-e-Daar Kay Saaey Talay (lit. ''Under the shadow of Hanging board'').<ref name="Dawn Newspapers, 2014, Allam" /><ref name="Pakistan Leaders">{{cite web
  | title =PML(N)- Makhodoon Muhammad Javed Hashmi's
  | work =Pakistan Leader
  | date =18 February 2008
  | url =http://www.pakistanileaders.com.pk/profile/Makhdoom_Muhammad_Javed_Hashmi
  | access-date =18 February 2008
  | archive-date =24 November 2009
  | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20091124155250/http://www.pakistanileaders.com.pk/profile/Makhdoom_Muhammad_Javed_Hashmi
  | url-status =dead
  }}</ref>

On 3 August 2007, a three-member bench of the [[Supreme Court of Pakistan]] under [[Chief Justice of Pakistan|Chief Justice]] [[Iftikhar Muhammad Chaudhry|Iftikhar Chaudhry]] granted him bail after serving approximately three and a half years in prison.<ref name="ECP"/> On 4 August 2007, Hashmi, with among PML(N) leaders, were released but again placed under arrest at the declaration of a [[2007 Pakistani state of emergency|state of emergency]] on 3 November 2007.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/7077727.stm 'Emergency may delay Pakistan poll'] ''BBC News'', 4 November 2007</ref><ref name="Election Commission of Pakistan" />

=== Parliamentary politics, joining and dismissal from PTI (2008–14) ===
During the [[2008 Pakistani general elections|general elections]] held in 2008, Hashmi successfully defended the [[NA-62 (Rawalpindi-VI)|NA-55 (Rawalpindi-VI)]] constituency where he notably defeated PML(Q)'s [[Sheikh Rasheed Ahmed|Rashid Ahmed]] but decided to retain his [[NA-157 (Multan-IV)|NA-148 Constituency]] against the wishes of [[Nawaz Sharif]].<ref name="Pakistan Today, Niazi, 2017">{{cite news|last1=Niazi|first1=Abdullah|title=Makhdoom Javed Hashmi: A short history of the Baghi politician|url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2017/12/05/makhdoom-javed-hashmi-a-short-history-of-the-baghi-politician/|access-date=22 May 2018|work=www.pakistantoday.com.pk|agency=Pakistan Today|publisher=Pakistan Today|date=5 December 2017}}</ref> He spoke against of the [[Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act of 2009|strategic partnership act]] offered by the [[United States]], and released a very strong reaction on [[Inter Services Public Relations]], which he termed the [[Kerry-Lugar Bill]], an [[Foreign interventions by the United States|interference]] on part of Americans in [[Pakistani intelligence community|country's intelligence community]].<ref name="GeoTV"/> He reported quoted: "if there is anything that needs to be corrected, Pakistan will do it herself. Pakistan Army should stay within its limits,... We will protect our military if it ensures playing the role assigned to it."<ref name="GeoTV">{{cite news|title=Hashmi stresses need for Parliament's supremacy|url=http://www.geo.tv/10-8-2009/50532.htm|access-date=16 November 2012|newspaper=Geo TV|date=8 October 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140911110716/http://www.geo.tv/10-8-2009/50532.htm|archive-date=11 September 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref> Over the issue of the [[Memogate (Pakistan)|Memogate scandal]] that implicated the former [[President of Pakistan|President]] [[Asif Ali Zardari]] and Parliament's failure for its investigation, Hashmi reportedly Hashmi submitted his resignation from Parliament, claiming that "this parliament is a dummy and not passing real legislation" on 7 May 2011.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/NewsDetail.aspx?ID=15409 |title=Javed Hashmi submits resignation |publisher=Thenews.com.pk |access-date=12 August 2012}}</ref>

On 24 December 2011, Hashmi reportedly cut his ties from the [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|PML(N)]] and joined the [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf|PTI]] and addressed a rally in support of [[Imran Khan]] in [[Karachi]] on 25 December 2011.<ref name="Javed Hashmi of PML-N joins PTI">{{cite web|url=http://www.dawn.com/2011/12/24/javed-hashmi-of-pml-n-joins-the-pti.html |title=Javed Hashmi of PML-N joins PTI |publisher=Dawn.Com |date=24 December 2011 |access-date=12 August 2012}}</ref> Though, he also warned [[Imran Khan]] of his dissenting approach if Imran Khan did not deliver his party's manifesto as promised to the voters.<ref name="Javed Hashmi of PML-N joins PTI"/><ref name="Javed Hashmi resigns from NA">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/NewsDetail.aspx/NewsDetail.aspx?ID=29581&title=Javed-Hashmi-resigns-from-National-Assembly- |title=Javed Hashmi resigns from NA |publisher=Thenews.com.pk |access-date=12 August 2012}}</ref> During the [[2013 Pakistani general elections|general elections]] held in 2013, Hashmi successfully defended the [[Constituency NA-48|NA-48]] in [[Islamabad]], and [[Constituency NA-149|NA-149]] in [[Multan]] on [[Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf|PTI's platform]] but later relinquished the [[Constituency NA-48|NA-48]] in favor of PTI's worker.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Siddiqui|first1=Shoaib-ur-Rehman|title=Makhdoom Javed Hashmi wins NA-149 seat|url=http://www.brecorder.com/elections-2013/top-news/119264-makhdoom-javed-hashmi-wins-na-149-seat.html|website=Business Recorder}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Javed Hasmi wins from NA-48 in Islamabad|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/547841/547841/|website=The Express Tribune|date=11 May 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Naeem|first1=Waqas|title=By-election: 32 per cent turnout in NA-48 by-election|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/594370/by-election-32-per-cent-turnout-in-na-48-by-election/|website=The Express Tribune|date=23 August 2013 }}</ref> He stood against [[Nawaz Sharif]]'s candidacy in the [[National Assembly of Pakistan|National Assembly]] when the [[Vote of Confidence|vote of confidence]] measure took place, and reportedly spoke in favor of Nawaz Sharif where he reportedly quoted in the [[Television in Pakistan|televised conference]]: "Political differences aside, Nawaz is my political leader and will remain so."<ref name="Pakistan Today, Niazi, 2017" /> His views subsequently blacklashed the party and was said to be at odds with core of the leadership of the PTI, [[Imran Khan]], the chairman, [[Shah Mehmood Qureshi|Mehmood Qureshi]], [[Vice Chairman|Vice-chairman]], and [[Jehangir Tareen|Jehangir Tarin]], the [[Secretary-General]].<ref name="Pakistan Today, Niazi, 2017" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://arynews.tv/en/unhappy-javed-hashmi-reaches-multan/|title='Unhappy' Javed Hashmi reaches Multan|publisher=[[ARY News]]|date=29 August 2014|access-date=26 September 2014}}</ref>

On 14 August 2014, Hashmi voiced serious and irreconcilable concerns when [[Imran Khan]] decided to lead a [[2014 Azadi March|massive protests against alleged rigging in the general elections]] when the decision towards the ''[[Dharna]]'' at the [[Constitution Avenue (Islamabad)|Constitution Avenue in Islamabad]]; though he decided to address the march on Khan's request.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ending speculation: Hashmi agrees to lead Azadi march|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/748437/ending-speculation-hashmi-agrees-to-lead-azadi-march/|website=The Express Tribune|date=13 August 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hours later, PTI's 'Azadi' march still far from Islamabad|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1125273|website=Daily Dawn|date=14 August 2014|access-date=5 September 2014}}</ref> On 31 August 2014, Hashmi left the party in distraught and in anger when the [[2014 Azadi March|Imran Khan's march]] attacked the media reporters and was violently moved towards the [[Prime Minister's Secretariat (Pakistan)|Prime Minister's Secretariat]] under Khan's orders.<ref>{{cite web|title=Islamabad protests: Army is not intervening in current political crisis, Imran reiterates|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/758197/live-islamabad-protests-if-anyone-tries-to-harm-me-i-will-retaliate-says-nisar/|website=The Express Tribune|date=5 September 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Boone|first1=Jon|title=Three dead and hundreds injured as Islamabad protests turn violent|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/31/islamabad-protests-violent-injured|website=The Guardian|date=31 August 2014}}</ref> On 1 September 2014, Hashmi accused the [[Pakistan Army]] of destabilizing the civilian writ of [[Third Sharif ministry|Sharif administration]] and wasn't well received by [[Imran Khan]] who later issued the [[Order to show cause|show cause notice]] which results in Hashmi leaving the PTI.<ref>{{cite web|title=Javed Hashmi resigns from National Assembly membership|url=http://www.thenews.com.pk/article-158576-Javed-Hashmi-resigns-from-National-Assembly-membership|website=The News International}}</ref> The PTI later refused to accept his resignation instead Imran Khan ousted him from the party on 26 September 2014.<ref name="TNS">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewstribe.com/2014/09/22/pti-suspende-javed-hashmi-as-party-president/|title=PTI suspends Javed Hashmi as party president|work=[[The News Stribe]]|date=22 September 2014|access-date=26 September 2014|archive-date=25 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140925203112/http://www.thenewstribe.com/2014/09/22/pti-suspende-javed-hashmi-as-party-president/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=NA 149 constituency: Javed Hashmi humbled in Multan by-elections - The Express Tribune|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/776859/na-149-constituency-javed-hashmi-humbled-in-multan-by-elections/|access-date=24 May 2018|work=The Express Tribune|date=17 October 2014}}</ref>

=== Rejoining PML(N) and political positions:2018–present ===

On 12 May 2018, Hashmi, along with his daughter, [[Mamoona Hashmi]] met with [[Nawaz Sharif]] and announced to rejoin the [[Pakistan Muslim League (N)|PML(N)]] after reconciling the party policy differences with Nawaz Sharif.<ref name="Pakistan Today, Niazi, 2017" /><ref>{{cite news|title=Javed Hashmi rejoins PML-N|url=https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/05/12/javed-hashmi-rejoins-pml-n/|access-date=23 May 2018|work=www.pakistantoday.com.pk}}</ref> At this meeting, Hashmi spoke very high of Nawaz Sharif's services done to the country, and reportedly praised his elder daughter, [[Mamoona Hashmi|Momoona]], and Sharif's daughter, [[Maryam Nawaz|Mary'am]], of supporting the political program of the party.<ref name="Daily Jang, 2018" />