Editing Jon Cryer (section)

==Career==
===Career beginnings===
[[File:Jon Cryer Pirates of the Caribbean Premiere.jpg|thumb|right|140px|Cryer at the 2003 premiere of ''[[Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl]]'']]
Cryer's first professional acting effort was as David in the [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] play ''[[Torch Song Trilogy]]'', replacing [[Matthew Broderick]], whom he "closely resembled."<ref>Alan Was Matthew BBroderick's Character.
David was the Adopted Son [https://movies.yahoo.com/person/jon-cryer/biography.html Jon Cryer: Bibliography]</ref> He reprised the role in San Francisco and Los Angeles.<ref name=IBDB /> He was later a standby and replacement for Broderick as Eugene Jerome in the original Broadway production of [[Neil Simon]]'s ''[[Brighton Beach Memoirs]]'' in 1984.<ref name="IBDB">{{cite web
|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/jon-cryer-90206#broadway |title=Jon Cryer |work=Internet Broadway Database |publisher=Broadway League |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref>{{Citation needed|date=April 2020}}

At age 19, Cryer appeared in the 1984 romantic comedy film ''[[No Small Affair]]'', in the lead role as Charles Cummings, after the original production with Matthew Broderick was shut down when director [[Martin Ritt]] suffered a [[Myocardial infarction|heart attack]].<ref name="affair">{{cite news|url=https://movies.nytimes.com/mem/movies/review.html?res=9E01E2D9143AF93AA35752C1A962948260|title=Jon Cryer In 'No Small Affair'|work=[[The New York Times]]|first=Janet|last=Maslin|authorlink=Janet Maslin|date=November 9, 1984|access-date=September 14, 2008}}</ref> He went on to appear in small roles in films and television films.

Cryer made his film breakthrough as Philip F. "Duckie" Dale in the [[John Hughes (filmmaker)|John Hughes]]-scripted film ''[[Pretty in Pink]]''.<ref name="duckie">{{cite magazine|url=https://ew.com/article/2006/08/24/reminiscing-jon-cryer-about-pretty-pink|title=Don't You Forget About Duckie|quote=To mark a new special-edition DVD of "Pretty in Pink", Emmy nominee Jon Cryer chats with Mandi Bierly about the movie's original ending, 'Try a Little Tenderness', and more|first=Mandi|last=Bierly|date=August 23, 2006|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|access-date=October 3, 2019}}</ref> In an interview with the ''[[New York Daily News|Daily News]]'', Cryer's mother Gretchen said that after ''Pretty in Pink'', she started getting calls from teenage girls from all over the world, who would leave hysterical, giggling messages on her answering machine.<ref name="E!">{{cite web|title=Jon Cryer: Profile, Latest News and Related Articles |url=http://www.eonline.com/celebrities/profile/index.jsp?uuid=6539c6ba-c9e8-4e14-a903-cb833f854618 |work=Notes |publisher=[[E!]] |access-date=August 22, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080725190113/http://www.eonline.com/celebrities/profile/index.jsp?uuid=6539c6ba-c9e8-4e14-a903-cb833f854618 |archive-date=July 25, 2008 }}</ref>

Cryer then starred in the 1987 film ''[[Hiding Out]]'' as a stockbroker on the run from a [[Mafia]] hit man. His mother Gretchen played his aunt. The film broke even, but Cryer's performance as a character who was much older than him was critically acclaimed. In the same year, he played Lenny Luthor, nephew of supervillain [[Lex Luthor (1978 film series character)|Lex Luthor]], in the film ''[[Superman IV: The Quest for Peace]]''. In 1989, he got the lead role in the TV comedy series ''[[The Famous Teddy Z]]''. His performance gained poor reviews<ref name="EW1">{{cite magazine|title=TV Review: 'The Famous Teddy Z'|first=Ken|last=Tucker|authorlink=Ken Tucker|url=https://ew.com/article/1990/05/25/famous-teddy-z|magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]]|date=May 25, 1990|access-date=October 3, 2019|archive-date=December 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210200927/https://ew.com/article/1990/05/25/famous-teddy-z|url-status=dead}}</ref> and the show was canceled after the first season.<ref name="EW1"/>

In 1990, Cryer appeared as Sandy in an [[Off-Broadway]] adaptation of ''[[Carnal Knowledge (film)|Carnal Knowledge]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/article/6f62046025d71c41478dec394ec5aa8b |title=''Carnal Knowledge'' by Jules Feiffer Opens Off-Broadway |first=Michael|last=Kuchwara |date=November 20, 1990 |work=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref> That same year he appeared alongside future ''Two and a Half Men'' costar [[Charlie Sheen]] in the [[Jim Abrahams]] comedy ''[[Hot Shots!]]'',<ref name="TT" /> which was received very positively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1036179-hot_shots|title=Hot Shots! (1991)|publisher=[[Rotten Tomatoes]]|access-date=September 13, 2008}}</ref> Cryer is frequently linked to the [[Brat Pack]].<ref name="Brat Pack">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Lurie |first=Karen |title=Brat Pack |encyclopedia=St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g1epc/is_bio/ai_2419200128 |year=2002 |publisher=Gale Group |location=Farmington Hills, Michigan|isbn=1-55862-405-8|access-date=September 13, 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205234422/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_g1epc/is_bio/ai_2419200128 |archive-date=December 5, 2008 }}</ref> In a March 2009 interview on [[Anytime with Bob Kushell]], Cryer stated that he had auditioned for ''[[St. Elmo's Fire (film)|St. Elmo's Fire]]'' but was not cast in a role.<ref>{{cite episode|title = Anytime with Bob Kushell feat. Jon Cryer |series= Anytime with Bob Kushell |airdate= March 17, 2009 |season= 2 |number= 1}}</ref> In 1993, he was asked to audition for the role of [[Chandler Bing]] on ''[[Friends]]'', while doing a play in London. His reading was videotaped by a British casting agent but the tape failed to arrive in the U.S. before the network had made its final decision.<ref name="TT">{{cite news|first=Scott|last=Juba|url=http://www.the-trades.com/article.php?id=4177|publisher=The Trades|title=Interview: Jon Cryer: Failed Friend Who Became a Man|access-date=August 21, 2008|date=March 26, 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081206003747/http://www.the-trades.com/article.php?id=4177|archive-date=December 6, 2008|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

In 1995, Cryer was cast as Bob in the sitcom ''[[Partners (1995 TV series)|Partners]]'', which, like his prior show ''The Famous Teddy Z'', was canceled after its first season. In an interview with ''[[Time Out (magazine)|Time Out New York]]'' he stated, "Hey, every show I'm in goes down. Think about this: [[George Clooney]] was in 28 pilots, or something. It means nothing."<ref name="E!" /> After guest starring on shows such as ''[[Dharma & Greg]]'' and ''[[The Outer Limits (1995 TV series)|The Outer Limits]]'', he wrote, produced and co-starred in the film ''[[Went to Coney Island on a Mission from God... Be Back by Five]]''. It debuted in 1998 at the [[LA Film Festival|Los Angeles Film Festival]] and gained positive reviews from critics.<ref name="RT1">{{cite web|title=Went to Coney Island on a Mission From God... Be Back By Five (1998)|url=http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/went_to_coney_island_on_a_mission_from_god_be_back_by_five|publisher=Rotten Tomatoes|access-date=June 22, 2008}}</ref> [[Leonard Maltin]] from ''[[Playboy|Playboy Magazine]]'' called it "a breath of fresh air."<ref name="CoverConeyIsland">{{cite web|url=http://hdmag.cz/files/covers/went-to-coney-island-on-a-mission-from-god-be-back-by-five.jpg|title=The Cover of 'Went to Coney Island on a Mission from God... Be Back by Five'|publisher=HD Magazine|access-date=June 22, 2008}}</ref> That same year, Cryer landed in another TV series, the [[Fox Broadcasting Company|Fox]] sitcom ''[[Getting Personal]]'', alongside [[Vivica A. Fox]] and [[Duane Martin]]. Although the show was picked up for a second season after its abbreviated spring run, it was canceled that fall, after airing 17 episodes in total.

In 1999, Cryer appeared as Neal in [[Jeffrey Sweet]]'s play ''Bluff'' at the [[Victory Gardens Theater]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://victorygardens.org/event/bluff |title=''Bluff'' |date=July 23, 2019 |publisher=Victory Gardens Theater |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref> In 2000, he was cast as the lead in a comedy series called ''[[The Trouble with Normal (TV series)|The Trouble with Normal]]''. For the third time, Cryer starred in a show which was canceled after its first season.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.tvguide.com/News-Views/Interviews-Features/Article/default.aspx?posting={5C0E1B12-1F43-4C3D-926A-44A9D14730D2}|title=Sheen and Cryer: Sitcom Survivors|first=Daniel R.|last=Coleridge|date=July 23, 2003|access-date=September 14, 2008|work=[[TV Guide]]}}</ref>

===''Two and a Half Men''===

Cryer's long run of unsuccessful TV projects finally ended in 2003. Against the wishes of CBS executives (who were aware of his past failures) and due to a friendship with Charlie Sheen, he was cast as Alan Harper on the hit comedy series ''[[Two and a Half Men]]''. (He had auditioned for the role of [[Gaius Baltar]] on the [[Syfy|Sci-Fi Channel]]'s reimagined ''[[Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)|Battlestar Galactica]]'' at around the same time, but the role went to [[James Callis]].)<ref name="vary">{{cite magazine|first=Adam B.|last=Vary|title=The Beginning of the End: A 'Battlestar Galactica' Oral History|date=March 20, 2009|page=42|url=https://ew.com/gallery/beginning-end-battlestar-galactica-oral-history|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|access-date=December 8, 2011|archive-date=February 20, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220103951/http://www.ew.com/gallery/beginning-end-battlestar-galactica-oral-history|url-status=dead}}</ref> Cryer earned seven [[Primetime Emmy Awards]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emmys.com/celebrities/jon-cryer|title=Jon Cryer Emmy Award Nominee|publisher=emmys.com|access-date=October 17, 2012}}</ref> nominations and two wins<ref name="emmywin" /> for his acting work on the show.<ref name=08emmynoms/> In a comment on the show's high ratings, he said: "When you're on a show that's fighting for survival every week, you stop trusting your instincts, because you think, 'My instincts haven't worked so far.' But when people clearly like the show and are watching it in great numbers, it takes a huge amount of pressure off you. It allows you to trust your instincts and go with what has worked for you before."<ref name="TT"/> 

After Sheen's departure from the series, Cryer's character became the show's main protagonist (with [[Ashton Kutcher]] being cast as the co-lead) during the final four seasons. Cryer is the only actor to have appeared in every episode of the series; Sheen was fired in March 2011 and Cryer's on-screen son [[Angus T. Jones]] left the series at the end of season 10.<ref name="cowell2012">{{cite web |last= Cowell |first= Maria |date= November 27, 2012 |url= http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2012/november-web-only/i-am-paid-hypocrite-two-and-half-men-star-talks-to-ct-about.html |title= How 'Two and a Half Men' Star Became a 'Paid Hypocrite.' |work= [[Christianity Today]] }}</ref>

===Further acting and TV roles===

In 2008, Cryer appeared with [[Laurence Fishburne]] and [[James Cromwell]] in the film ''[[Tortured (film)|Tortured]]'',<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/film-tortured-dc-idUSN1535545820070515|title=Cryer, Denton 'Tortured' by thriller|first=Borys|last=Kit|date=May 15, 2007|work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]|agency=[[Reuters]]|access-date=December 8, 2011|archive-date=February 20, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150220062725/http://www.reuters.com/article/2007/05/15/film-tortured-dc-idUSN1535545820070515|url-status=live}}</ref> and in 2009 co-starred with [[James Spader]] in the film ''[[Shorts (2009 film)|Shorts]]''.<ref name="DS">{{cite web|first=Beth|last=Hilton|date=May 30, 2008|url=http://www.digitalspy.co.uk/movies/a97096/cryer-spader-join-rodriguezs-shorts.html|work=[[Digital Spy]]|title=Cryer, Spader join Rodriguez's 'Shorts'|access-date=June 22, 2008}}</ref>

In 2011, Cryer played the role of David in a concert staging of [[Stephen Sondheim]]'s musical ''[[Company (musical)|Company]]'' with the [[New York Philharmonic]] at [[Lincoln Center]]. The all-star cast was headed by [[Neil Patrick Harris]] and [[Patti LuPone]].<ref name="PBS">{{cite web
|url=https://www.playbill.com/article/company-concert-with-neil-patrick-harris-and-patti-lupone-to-be-released-on-dvd-this-fall-com-186712
|title=''Company'' Concert, With Neil Patrick Harris and Patti LuPone, to Be Released on DVD This Fall |author=Hetrick, Adam|date=July 11, 2012|work=Playbill.com|access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref> The concert subsequently aired on PBS's [[Great Performances]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pbs.org/arts/collections/pbs-arts-festival/2013/company-with-the-new-york-philharmonic |title=Stephen Sondheim's ''Company'' with the New York Philharmonic |date=2013 |work=Great Performances |publisher=PBS
|access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref>

Cryer made a [[guest appearance]] on the sitcom series ''[[Husbands (TV series)|Husbands]]'' in its second season.<ref name="Tubefilter">{{cite web|url=http://www.tubefilter.com/2012/08/17/husbands-second-season|title=Hollywood Stars Drop in on Male Newylweds in 'Husbands'|date=August 18, 2012|publisher=Tubefilter.com|access-date=August 18, 2012}}</ref> He was initially cast to voice the lead character in [[Disneytoon Studios|DisneyToon Studios]]' animated film ''[[Planes (film)|Planes]]'', a spin-off of [[Pixar]]'s [[Cars (franchise)|''Cars'' franchise]],<ref>{{cite news|last=DeMott|first=Rick|title=Jon Cryer Leads Voice Cast For DisneyToon's Planes|url=http://www.awn.com/news/voice-acting/jon-cryer-leads-voice-cast-disneytoons-planes|access-date=November 5, 2011|newspaper=DisneyToon Studio |via= Animation World Network|date=August 23, 2011}}</ref> but later dropped out and was replaced by [[Dane Cook]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Disney Sets Theatrical Release Date For 'Planes'|url=http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/disneys-planes-release-date-set-406123|access-date= January 16, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Dane Cook Leads the Voice Cast for Disney's Planes|url=http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=100955|access-date=February 28, 2013|archive-date=March 2, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302225106/http://www.comingsoon.net/news/movienews.php?id=100955|url-status=dead}}</ref> Cryer did however receive a credit on the film for "additional story material."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.screendaily.com/reviews/the-latest/planes/5058932.article |title=Planes Review |publisher=Screendaily.com |date=August 7, 2013 |access-date=November 20, 2013}}</ref>

In 2015, Cryer released a memoir, ''So That Happened'', a breezy, often comic tale chronicling Cryer's 30-year career on stage, film and television.<ref>{{cite web|title=13 Juicy Things We Learned From Jon Cryer's Memoir|url=https://www.tvguide.com/news/jon-cryer-memoir-so-that-happened-charlie-sheen-two-half-men|access-date= March 29, 2022}}</ref>

Cryer currently appears in the drama series ''[[NCIS (TV series)|NCIS]]'', where he currently plays Navy Dr. Cyril Taft who treats NCIS Special Agent Leroy Jethro Gibbs ([[Mark Harmon]]). Cryer had expressed a desire to appear in ''NCIS'' since it premiered in 2003.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://open.spotify.com/episode/1doVIvjhchdZsU1yQ4kQ7C?si=e59c601295304d07 | title=Jon Cryer: The dream of playing an NCIS corpse | website=[[Spotify]] | access-date= September 3, 2024}}</ref>

Pursuing a passion for criminal justice, Cryer joined the team of the popular podcast ''Undisclosed'' where he will be voicing the weekly addendum episode for the second season.<ref>{{cite web|title=Jon Cryer joins the second season of 'Undisclosed' podcast|url=https://ew.com/article/2016/06/03/jon-cryer-undisclosed-podcast|access-date= June 3, 2016}}</ref> After appearing on the podcast ''Crime Writers On...'' it was announced that he would join the ''[[Undisclosed (podcast)|Undisclosed]]'' podcast for their second season.

On May 21, 2018, Cryer was featured in the season 9 premiere of [[genealogy]] program ''[[Who Do You Think You Are? (American TV series)|Who Do You Think You Are?]]'' Cryer uncovered the dramatic tale of his ancestor James Adams, a [[Covenanters|Scottish Covenanter]] soldier who was captured during the [[Battle of Dunbar (1650)|Battle of Dunbar]] in 1650, and endured horrific conditions as a prisoner. He was then [[Penal transportation|transported]] to America an [[Indentured servitude|indentured servant]] to work at the Saugus Iron Works at Lynn, Massachusetts. As part of his research for the episode, Cryer visited the site of the Battle of Dunbar, [[Durham Cathedral]] in [[Durham, England|Durham]], North East England – where surviving Scottish prisoners were held until they were indentured – and the Saugus Iron Works national historic site. Cryer said: "Seeing the resilience of my family over centuries, you can see the legacy he left. I can't help but feel lucky...clearly, the resilience of my family, that spine of steel, was not something that came from nowhere. Moving forward, I'm going to take James Adams' strength as my inspiration and know that when you go through very, very difficult times, if you can turn around and help the people around you who had it even worse, that's real strength. And I aspire to be one of those people."{{Citation needed|date=April 2020}}

On November 16, 2018, it was announced that Cryer had been cast as [[Lex Luthor (Arrowverse)|Lex Luthor]] on [[The CW]]'s ''[[Supergirl (TV series)|Supergirl]]'' in a recurring role.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Agard|first=Chancellor|title='Supergirl' casts 'Two and a Half Men' star Jon Cryer as Lex Luther|url=https://ew.com/tv/2018/11/16/supergirl-lex-luthor-jon-cryer|magazine=Entertainment Weekly|access-date=October 3, 2019|date=November 16, 2018|archive-date=November 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181117035420/https://ew.com/tv/2018/11/16/supergirl-lex-luthor-jon-cryer|url-status=dead}}</ref> (He had previously played Lenny Luthor, Lex Luthor's nephew, in the 1987 film ''[[Superman IV: The Quest for Peace]]''.) His first appearance in the fifteenth episode of Season 4, titled "O Brother, Where Art Thou?". He reprised the role in the ''[[Batwoman (TV series)|Batwoman]]'' and ''[[The Flash (2014 TV series)|The Flash]]'' episodes of the [[Arrowverse]] crossover ''[[Crisis on Infinite Earths (Arrowverse)|Crisis on Infinite Earths]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dowling|first=Amber|date=2019-12-10|title='Crisis on Infinite Earths' Recap: The Return of Two Supermen and a World-Ending Plan|url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/recaps/crisis-on-infinite-earths-part-two-recap-batwoman-batman-superman-1203430942|access-date=2021-01-15|website=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Dowling|first=Amber|date=2019-12-11|title='Crisis on Infinite Earths' Recap: A Rewritten Destiny Brings Another Superhero Death|url=https://variety.com/2019/tv/news/crisis-on-infinite-earths-part-three-recap-flash-black-lightning-huntress-1203432498|access-date=2021-01-15|website=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref>

On April 15, 2019, Cryer joined other WGA writers in firing their agents as part of the [[Writers Guild of America|WGA]]'s stand against the [[Association of Talent Agents|ATA]] and the practice of [[Movie packaging|packaging]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Andreeva |first1=Nellie |title=Writers Share Signed Termination Letters As Mass Firing Of Agents Begins After WGA-ATA Talks Fail |date=April 13, 2019 |url=https://deadline.com/2019/04/writers-form-letters-agencies-mass-firing-of-agents-begins-wga-ata-talks-fail-1202595219 |publisher=Deadline Hollywood}}</ref>