Editing Juilliard String Quartet (section)

=== First era: 1946–1996 ===
The quartet was founded by Juilliard School president William Schuman and violin faculty member [[Robert Mann]] in 1946.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Oestreich |first=James R. |date=1997-10-29 |title=Juilliard Quartet's Musical Chairs |pages=7 |work=[[New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/10/29/arts/juilliard-quartet-s-musical-chairs-sounding-board-for-new-strings-attached-old.html |access-date=2022-08-25}}</ref> The original members were Mann and violinist Robert Koff, violist [[Raphael Hillyer]] and cellist [[Arthur Winograd]]. It began recording with [[Columbia Records]] upon its founding.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Mermelstein |first=David |date=2021-09-13 |title='Juilliard String Quartet: The Early Columbia Recordings, 1949-56' Review: A Long-Awaited Encore |work=[[Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/juilliard-string-quartet-the-early-columbia-recordings-1949-56-william-schumann-robert-mann-robert-koff-raphael-hillyer-arthur-winograd-claus-adam-11631569901 |access-date=2022-08-25}}</ref> Between March and August 1949, the quartet became the first group to record [[Béla Bartók]]'s complete string quartets. Columbia released the recordings in 1950.<ref name=":1" /> Around the time of its public and recording debuts, the Juilliard Quartet quickly established itself as a premier American ensemble on the international level.  

In 1953, the group was the first to record [[Arnold Schoenberg]]'s complete quartets.<ref name=":1" /> In 1955, [[Claus Adam]] replaced Winograd as the group's cellist. In 1958, [[Isidore Cohen]] replaced Koff as second violinist. 

In 1962, the Juilliard String Quartet replaced the [[Budapest String Quartet]] as the [[Library of Congress]]'s quartet in residence.<ref name=":0" /> That year, the quartet performed at the Library with a set of [[List of Stradivarius instruments|Stradivarius instruments]] [[Gertrude Clarke Whittall]] donated in the 1930s.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news |last=Stewart |first=Laura |date=2007-01-28 |title=Juilliard Quartet: Breadth and depth: [Final Edition] |work=[[The Daytona Beach News-Journal]] |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/382952542 |access-date=2022-08-26|id={{ProQuest|382952542}} }}</ref> In 1966, Earl Carlyss replaced Cohen as second violinist and three years later, Samuel Rhodes replaced Hillyer as violist.

In 1974, [[Joel Krosnick]] replaced his teacher Adam as the cellist. By 1981, the Juilliard Quartet was said to have performed in over 3,000 concerts in 43 different countries.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Rothstein |first=Edward |date=1981-10-09 |title=JUILLIARD QUARTET MARKS 35TH YEAR OF SHARING |work=[[New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/10/09/arts/juilliard-quartet-marks-35th-year-of-sharing.html |access-date=2022-08-27}}</ref> In 1986, Joel Smirnoff replaced Carlyss as second violinist.<ref name=":3">{{Cite news |last=Hoffman |first=Eva |date=1986-10-05 |title=JUILLARD: A RENEWED QUARTET |pages=29 |work=[[New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/10/05/magazine/juillard-a-renewed-quartet.html |access-date=2022-08-25}}</ref>

In 1996, Mann announced his intention to retire.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kozinn |first=Allan |date=1996-12-11 |title=Quartet Losing Its Leader of Five Decades: Juilliard Quartet Is Losing Robert Mann, Its Leader of Five Decades |work=[[New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/12/11/arts/quartet-losing-its-leader-of-five-decades.html |access-date=2022-08-27}}</ref> He played his last concert as a member of the quartet at the [[Tanglewood Music Festival]] that year.<ref name=":4">{{Cite news |last=Dyer |first=Richard |date=1996-12-20 |title=Mann retires from Juilliard Quartet |work=[[Boston Globe]] |url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/403794100 |access-date=2022-08-25 |id={{ProQuest|403794100}} }}</ref> Smirnoff took over as first violinist and Ronald Copes joined the group as second violinist.<ref name=":4" />