Editing Kerr effect (section)

== Optical Kerr effect ==
The optical Kerr effect, or AC Kerr effect is the case in which the electric field is due to the light itself. This causes a variation in index of refraction which is proportional to the local [[irradiance]] of the light.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Rashidian Vaziri|first1=M R|title=Comment on "Nonlinear refraction measurements of materials using the moiré deflectometry"|journal=Optics Communications|volume=357|pages=200–201|doi=10.1016/j.optcom.2014.09.017|year=2015|bibcode=2015OptCo.357..200R}}</ref> This refractive index variation is responsible for the [[nonlinear optics|nonlinear optical]] effects of [[self-focusing]], [[self-phase modulation]] and [[modulational instability]], and is the basis for [[Kerr-lens modelocking]]. This effect only becomes significant with very intense beams such as those from [[laser]]s. The optical Kerr effect has also been observed to dynamically alter the mode-coupling properties in [[Multi-mode optical fiber|multimode fiber]], a technique that has potential applications for all-optical switching mechanisms, nanophotonic systems and low-dimensional photo-sensors devices.<ref>{{cite conference |first=Jing |last=Xu |title=Experimental Observation of Non-Linear Mode Conversion in Few-Mode Fiber |pages=1–3 |date=May 2015 |location=San Jose |url=http://www.georgesdgordon.com/papers/nonlinearModeMixing.pdf |access-date=24 Feb 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Hernández-Acosta |first1=M A |last2=Trejo-Valdez |first2=M |last3=Castro-Chacón |first3=J H |last4=Torres-San Miguel |first4=C R |last5=Martínez-Gutiérrez |first5=H |last6=Torres-Torres |first6=C |title=Chaotic signatures of photoconductive {{chem|Cu|2|ZnSnS|4}} nanostructures explored by Lorenz attractors |journal=New Journal of Physics |date=23 February 2018 |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=023048 |doi=10.1088/1367-2630/aaad41|doi-access=free |bibcode=2018NJPh...20b3048H }}</ref>