Editing Labialization (section)

==Types==
{{Infobox IPA
| above = Open-labialized
| ipa symbol = ◌ꟹ
| ipa number = 
| decimal1 = 
}}
{{Infobox IPA
| above = Labiodentalization
| ipa symbol = ◌ᶹ
| ipa number = 
| decimal1 = 
}}

Out of 706 language inventories surveyed by {{Harvcoltxt|Ruhlen|1976}}, labialization occurred most often with [[velar consonant|velar]] (42%) and [[uvular consonant|uvular]] (15%) segments and least often with [[dental consonant|dental]] and [[alveolar consonant|alveolar]] segments. With non-dorsal consonants, labialization may include [[velarization]] as well. Labialization is not restricted to lip-rounding. The following articulations have either been described as labialization or been found as [[allophone|allophonic]] realizations of prototypical labialization:

* Labiodental frication, found in [[Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]]<ref name="ARA">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ApzO7A7-xcUC&q=abkhaz+labialized|title = Annual Review of Anthropology|year = 1977|isbn = 9780824319069| last1=Siegel | first1=Bernard J. | publisher=Annual Reviews Incorporated }}</ref>
* Labiodentalization is a common idiosyncrasy of English /s/ and /z/, and especially of /r/.<ref>John Laver [1994: 321] ''Principles of Phonetics''</ref> 
* Complete bilabial closure, {{IPA|[d͡b, t͡p, t͡pʼ]}}, found in Abkhaz and [[Ubykh language|Ubykh]]<ref name="ARA" />
* "Labialization" ({{IPA|/w/}}, {{IPA|/ɡʷ/}}, and {{IPA|/kʷ/}}) without noticeable rounding (protrusion) of the lips, found in the [[Iroquoian languages]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}}. It may be that they are [[roundedness|compressed]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}}
* Rounding without velarization, found in [[Shona language|Shona]]{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}} and in the [[Bzyb dialect]] of [[Abkhaz language|Abkhaz]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2010}}

[[Eastern Arrernte]] has labialization at all [[place of articulation|places]] and [[manner of articulation|manners of articulation]]; this derives historically from adjacent rounded vowels, as is also the case of the [[Northwest Caucasian languages]]. [[Marshallese language|Marshallese]] also has phonemic labialization as a [[secondary articulation]] at all places of articulation except for [[labial consonant]]s and [[coronal consonant|coronal]] [[obstruent consonant|obstruent]]s.

In North America, languages from a number of families have sounds that sound labialized (and vowels that sound rounded) without the participation of the lips. See [[Tillamook language]] for an example.

=== Prelabialization ===
In [[Slovene language|Slovene]], sounds can be prelabialized. Furthermore, the change is phonemic and all phonemes have prelabialized pairs (though not all of their allophones can have pairs). Compare {{Wikt-lang|sl|stati}} 'stand' {{IPA|[ˈs̪t̪àːt̪í]}} and {{Wikt-lang|sl|vstati}} 'stand up' {{IPA|[ˈʷs̪t̪àːt̪í]}}. The prelabialization part, however, is usually not considered as being part of the same phoneme as prelabialized sound, but rather as an allophone of {{IPA|/ʋ/}} as it changes depending on the environment, e. g. {{Wikt-lang|sl|vzeti}} 'take' {{IPA|[ˈʷz̪èːt̪í]}} and {{Wikt-lang|sl|povzeti}} 'summarize' {{IPA|[pou̯ˈz̪èːt̪í]}}.<ref>{{citation |last=Jurgec |first=Peter |title=Novejše besedje s stališča fonologije Primer slovenščine |page=95 |year=2007 |location=Tromsø |language=sl}}</ref> See [[Slovene phonology]] for more details.