Editing Lambeth Palace (section)

== Buildings ==
The building is [[listed building|listed]] in the highest category, [[Grade I]], for its architecture. The palace consists of two main structures: the residence itself, which is built round a [[cloister]], and Morton's Tower, which forms the main entry.  The medieval building had three more courtyards, which have since disappeared, as has the moat that surrounded the complex.<ref name=":0" /> The unusual inclusion of a cloister may be because Archbishop [[Hubert Walter]] initially intended to found a [[Premonstratensians|Premonstratensian]] abbey on the site, before settling on a palace.<ref name=":0" /> The original timber cloister, which held the archbishop's library, was replaced by the present structure in 1830.<ref name=":0" /> The oldest remaining part of the palace is the 13th-century chapel which was built in the [[English Gothic architecture#Early English Gothic (late 12th–late 13th centuries)|Early English Gothic]] architectural style. It stands above a vaulted undercroft, which has a central line of columns. This part had to be heavily restored after the Blitz, so most of its fittings are of 1954–55.<ref name=":0" /> The medieval [[great hall]], now gone, appears to have been rebuilt following damage in the Peasants' Revolt. The south end of the hall joined the kitchen and offices, while a stair at the north end led to the archbishop's apartments. One 14th-century room of these apartments, now known as the Guard Chamber, still stands, with its original elaborate roof.<ref name=":0" /> Further private accommodation was added when the Water or [[Lollardy|Lollards]]' Tower, built of Kentish [[Ragstone]] with [[ashlar]] quoins, was built at the north-west corner in 1434–35.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{NHLE|num=1116399|desc=Lambeth Palace|grade=I|access-date=16 January 2021}}</ref> It was extended and heightened later in the century, and again in the early 16th century when [[William Laud|Laud]]'s Tower was built next to it.<ref name=":0" /> At the top of the stair was the Archbishop's prison, a room also seen at [[Winchester Palace]] in Southwark. The massive five-storey brick [[gatehouse]] was built by [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]] [[John Morton (archbishop)|John Morton]] and completed in 1495 and housed eight lodgings for the Archbishop's household.<ref name=":0" /> Improvements continued into the 16th century, when Archbishop [[Thomas Cranmer|Cranmer]] built a brick tower north-east of the chapel to house his study.<ref name=":0" />

The most serious damage done by the Cromwellians in the late 1640s was the demolition of the great hall and the sale of its materials. After the [[English Restoration|Restoration]], it was completely rebuilt by Archbishop [[William Juxon]] in 1663 (dated) with a late Gothic [[hammerbeam roof]]. The choice of a hammerbeam roof was evocative, as it reflected the High-Church Anglican continuity with the Old Faith (the King's ([[Charles II of England|Charles II]]) [[James II of England|brother]] was an avowed Catholic) and served as a visual statement that the [[English Interregnum|Interregnum]] was over. As with some Gothic details on University buildings of the same date, it is debated among architectural historians whether this is [[Gothic Revival architecture#Survival and revival|"Gothic survival"]] or an early work of the "Gothic Revival". The diarist [[Samuel Pepys]] recognised it as "a new old-fashioned hall". Major work was done by Blore in 1829–1833, with large parts of the medieval palace being rebuilt, and an extensive new wing in Gothic revival style added.

Among the portraits of the archbishops in the palace are works by [[Hans Holbein the Younger|Hans Holbein]], [[Anthony van Dyck]], [[William Hogarth]] and Sir [[Joshua Reynolds]].{{citation needed|date=May 2023}}

<gallery mode=packed heights="165px" >
File:Westminster Bridge and Lambeth Bridge 1897.jpg|Map of the [[River Thames|Thames]] between [[Westminster Bridge|Westminster]] and [[Lambeth Bridge]]s, with Westminster Palace on the west bank and Lambeth Palace on the east, 1897
File:Microcosm of London Plate 048 - Lambeth Palace edited.jpg|The Guard Room
File:'Lambeth Palace', c1685 MoL.jpg|Lambeth Palace from the south {{Circa|1685}}
File:Lambeth Palace main entrance.jpg|Main entrance
File:Lambeth Palace London - geograph.org.uk - 1092465.jpg|The 19th-century range
</gallery>